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Home My WebLink AboutR-7323 RESOLUTION NO. 7323 RESOLUTION NO. 7323 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF BOULDER CITY, NEVADA, ADOPTING AN HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN FOR THE CITY OF BOULDER CITY WHEREAS, The City does not have a historic preservation plan; and WHEREAS, The City Council adopted the 2025 Boulder City Strategic Plan on December 11, 2018; and WHEREAS, That Goal D - Promote Historic Preservation - Strategy 4: Amend existing codes to achieve historic preservation goals of the 2025 Boulder City Strategic Plan calls for the adoption of a historic preservation plan ("Plan"); and WHEREAS, The City sponsored two public outreach efforts in 2020 to seek community input for the Plan; and WHEREAS, The Historic Preservation Committee has reviewed and recommended City Council consideration of the Plan on June 23, 2021; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that City Council approves the Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan as provided in Exhibit A DATED and APPROVED this 24th day of August, 2021. /6-41st-L- 7illif-4f4(4414-6' Kiernan McM nus, Mayor ATTEST: r ca mi McKay, City Clerk i . , 1 . 1 . _._ --•.,'*-.• •••• 'sl.ii:.;....'---- ,— , . .. - 'II'-..-'744-"2---14-- ----.....1"."-- "''-".Ft 7.----'w-r-_ -;:---TiZr--..1.-7-ii-•ail=r:FZ"-•-_;•-•:.,7%-rfr,....•••:1-711...":„,1,a...-7-...'- 1.2‘,-,..--..---4;4...ha...,_,_,,-7, ...., , ••••---Li. 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JIM ...at f- ...rj., Ms es mg NB III 1 :per.!...oaluaiiiislea p __..__ ----1•.r. ‘ Parki! , . • ' " .Ai I' 0., I. , ;:•4 ' ri,c* :'.'• ' E . . . ...:.......', ., .... iiii 1111147'- I _ 4*-7--el • 137,- .III . .§ ' •i -"....) -- Si-. -. ••.-,-• ,.• ‘friv,„\s,,t;olsCITy 3OUL3FR CITY HISTORIC 3RESERVATIO \ D L A \ PREPARED BY NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN PREPARED FOR : Boulder City 401 California Avenue Boulder City, NV 89005 PREPARED BY : Mariana Ruiz Cynthia Ammerman Nevada Preservation Foundation 330 W. Washington Avenue, Ste. 106 Las Vegas, NV 89106 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION AUGUST 2021 2 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS BOULDER CITY MAYOR AND COUNCIL Kiernan McManus, Mayor James Howard Adams, Councilman Claudia Bridges, Councilwoman Matt Fox, Councilman Sheri Jorgensen, Councilwoman HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMITTEE Linda Graham Ray Turner Blair Davenport Glenn Feyen Charles Hauntz PLANNING COMMISSION Paul Matuska Nate Lasoff Ernest Biacsi Steve Rudd Beth Bonnar-Kaczmarski Matt DiTeresa Thomas Marvin CITY MANAGER ' S OFFICE Taylour Tedder, City Manager Lisa LaPlante, Communications Manager COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT Michael Mays, Community Development Director Susan Danielewicz, City Planner NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 6 CHAPTER 2 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION 10 CHAPTER 3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 26 CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION 40 APPENDICES APPENDIX A COMMUNITY MEETING AND SURVEY RESULTS 43 APPENDIX B HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMITTEE GOALS 68 APPENDIX C PRESERVATION ORDINANCES AND RESOLUTIONS 70 APPENDIX D NV MODEL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ORDINANCE 72 APPENDIX E SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S (SOI) STANDARDS 90 APPENDIX F SOI PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS 91 APPENDIX G NATIONAL REGISTER BULLETIN 15, SECTION VI 108 APPENDIX H BOULDER CITY MASTER PLAN NOTES 122 APPENDIX I EASMENT TO PROTECT HISTORIC PROPERTIES 136 FIGURES FIGURE 1 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC DISTRICT MAP . . 15 FIGURE 2 BOULDER DAM HOTEL PHOTOGRAPH 16 FIGURE 3 BOULDER CITY HOSPITAL PHOTOGRAPH 17 FIGURE 4 BOULDER CITY DEVELOPMENT BY DECADES 19 FIGURE 5 NRHP ELIGIBLE RESOURCES 20 FIGURE 6 COA APPROVAL MATRIX EXAMPLE 29 4 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 5 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Boulder City embarked upon the development of this plan in March 2020. As one of the most storied cities in Southern Nevada, Boulder City relies upon its history and historic architecture to not only provide a sense of place for residents, but to also provide visitors with a feel of an early era of Southern Nevada history and its association to national and international history. Today with development pressures and an increasing number of historic structures in Boulder City, a plan such as this is critical to the future of this community, its built environment and economic potential 6 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN PURPOSE Boulder City's history dates to pre-historic eras and was the home of Native Americans through arrival of European exploration and development of the 19th century. Like much of Nevada, the 19th century era brought an influx of mining prospectors and speculations that would change the natural landscape and how the land was inhabited. In the early 20th century Boulder City came into being and a significant settlement for permanent homes began, much due to the initiatives of the federal government. The Boulder Canyon Project Act, enacted on December 21, 1928 by President Calvin Coolidge, authorized the construction of the Hoover Dam in the Black Canyon on the Colorado River approximately 7 miles east from present day Bolder City. By late 1930, the Bureau began construction of Boulder City to house dam workers and permanent operators, and to be a central staging area for the dam construction activities. Modeled as the first fully developed experiment in 20th century new town planning, Boulder City provided housing, commercial enterprises and entertainment to keep residents within the confines of the city and away from the temptation of Las Vegas, thereby maintaining efficiency and safety during the construction of the dam. By 1932, the view north on Nevada Way toward the Bureau of Reclamation Building on the hill looked much as it does today. The development of Boulder City has continued with mid-20th century additions in the form of residential neighborhoods and a collection of motor courts along Nevada Way. Like much of Southern Nevada, Boulder City has grown significantly since its start. Yet, there has long been an ethic of preservation and recognition of the important place Boulder City and the Hoover Dam play in our national story. This origin story and preservation of the buildings associated with the era has been strong, however, there is great room for expansion to visually preserve the era of the Baby Boomers, Boulder City's incorporation era of the 1960s and the neighborhoods of the 1970s. Because of Boulder City's recognition as a national and international destination, it is particularly important to retain the historic fabric of this community through the retention of its architectural resources both residential and commercial. This historic preservation plan will provide background on past and current work on historic preservation and planning, an analysis of the issues facing Boulder City, goals and objectives for meeting these issues, and recommendations for the new Certified Local Government (CLG) status. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION METHODOLOGY In early 2020, Boulder City hired the Nevada Preservation Foundation (NPF) to assist the City with efforts to create a historic preservation plan based on archival research, analysis, and community outreach. The City envisioned holding multiple community meetings to engage with residents and to provide a platform for public comment regarding the preservation plan. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic greatly limited the ability of Boulder City to safely conduct public meetings. Due to the global pandemic that onset in 2020, the in-person public engagement that is typical of the planning process was limited to one community meeting on March 5, 2020. The workshop was attended by approximately 50 Boulder City residents, members of City Council and members the Historic Preservation Committee. Attendees worked in small groups led by NPF staff to discuss various topics including the structure and functions of the Historic Preservation Committee (HPC), the Boulder City historic preservation ordinance, the development of historic districts, and the role of heritage tourism as an economic driver. This workshop also educated residents on best practices for preserving buildings and the role of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards in providing a framework, maintenance, and rehabilitation. Refer to Appendix A for details on the March 5th community meeting. With the increase in severity of the pandemic, no additional in person meetings were able to be safely held. NPF worked with Boulder City to pivot the outreach strategy using digital engagement platforms. To develop an initial direction for the preservation plan, NPF analyzed the community input from the March 5th meeting and concurrently conducted a review of Boulder City's historic preservation literature, policies, and city planning documents. The result of this analysis was presented to the community through a video presentation via Boulder City's cable channel as well as YouTube channel in September 2020. In addition, an online survey was created as a feedback tool that residents could participate in with or without having watched the video presentation. Residents were made aware of the online survey through the utility mailer, as is common practice by the City to disseminate information to residents. The survey addressed questions on various topics from the HPC, the historic preservation ordinance, preference for prioritizing historic resource surveys, and Boulder City's possible participation in the Nevada Main Street program. In all, 169 Boulder City residents participated in the survey, providing significant input that guided NPF in developing the initial outline of the BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN historic preservation plan. Refer to Appendix A for the Survey Monkey results. It should also be noted that NPF attempted to provide a means for residents to participate in the survey over the telephone or through a paper option. Unfortunately, those options were not actualized and ultimately all responses came through the online survey. In addition to the survey, NPF conducted research and a thorough review of the following Boulder City reports: • Boulder City Historic District, Nomination to the National Register of Historic Places, Vol. I and II, July 1983 • Historic District Preservation Plan Summary Report, April 13, 1998 • Boulder City Redevelopment Plan, 1999 • Boulder City/US 93 Corridor Study Final Environment Impact Statement, 2005 • 2018 Historic Preservation Community Survey • Boulder City Code, Title 11, Chapter 27 Historic Resources, Updated 03/21/2019 • The Historic District of Boulder City Nevada, Spring 2012 • Boulder City Master Plan, updated February 2015 • Economic Development Strategy, Boulder City, NV, September 2019 • Updated Architectural Survey and Inventory of the Boulder City Historic District, August 2020 Additional preservation reports that were studied and referenced in this plan include: • Nevada SHPO Model Ordinance for Historic Preservation, 2019 • City of Las Vegas Historic Properties & Neighborhood Preservation Plan Element, 2010 • City of Las Vegas Historic Preservation Ordinance, March 2011 • City of Henderson Historic Preservation Plan, June 2014 • Nevada SHPO Certified Local Government Handbook, revised 2018 • Clark County Comprehensive Master Plan Historic Preservation Element, 2019 • State of Nevada Historic Preservation Plan 2020-2028 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION CHAPTER 2 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION Boulder City is a unique 20th century city. Its origins are the essence of American ingenuity and resilience. It is the result of careful planning and intentional design for the generations that were to follow. The streetscapes and neighborhoods tell the story of the broader American experience as the country grew and modernized its infrastructure after World War I and through the Great Depression. The neighborhoods developed during the Post-World War II era and into the 1970s also capture the essence of American growth and prosperity, providing housing and commercial amenities for tourists of the Atomic era and the great Southwest. The origins story of Boulder City has been well documented and preserved through key buildings located within the original historic district. The next step for Boulder City in its preservation legacy is to follow suit with national and regional trends to embrace the era of 1950s, 1960s and 1970s so that the community addresses existing housing conservation as well as identify potential sites and buildings that could expand the economic opportunities related to heritage tourism and real estate. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Historic Preservation Planning in Boulder City Long-term historic preservation planning initiatives of Boulder City took root in the 1980s with the establishment of the 1983 National Register of Historic Places Boulder City Historic District. This initial historic district was the result of community preservation enthusiasts who recognized the unique significance of Boulder City as a government and company boom town of the 1930s and 1940s. The historic district was comprised of 514 buildings that represented government commissioned residential multi-family, single family, and commercial buildings. Boulder City was the essence of a planned community that evoked the planning philosophies of the era that integrated thoughtful landscapes and the revivalist period of architectural design. Master planning initiatives in 1991 included policies to support the development of a historic preservation plan and ordinance and promotion of public awareness of the City's historic and cultural resources. Boulder City continued to prioritize preservation planning through the 1990s, enacting the Historic District Preservation Plan Study Committee in 1996, which issued their findings summary in 1998. The aim of the 1998 Historic District Preservation Plan Summary Report was to further the goals that were set forth in the 1991 Boulder City Master Plan as mandated by Boulder City. Historic preservation was further emphasized in the 2003 Master Plan which recommended the creation of a Cultural Resource Comission and the establishment of design guidelines and an overlay district to address maintenance and preservation of historic housing features. 1998 Historic District Preservation Plan Summary Report The 1998 Historic District Preservation Plan Summary Report furthered the goals that were set forth in the 1991 Boulder City Master Plan. The Committee identified seven sub-areas within the historic district to recommend for future zoning overlays. Significant buildings within each sub-area were recognized and basic design guidelines were provided for each sub-area based on the character of the historic district. Additionally, the Committee recommended to establish a historic preservation ordinance and a Cultural Resource Committee (now known as the Historic Preservation Committee) to support the ordinance and historic preservation initiatives of the City. Other priority recommendations for the Cultural Resource Committee include: NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION • Development of overlay zones in the historic district. • Development of education and cultural heritage initiatives. • Development of design guidelines for the historic district. • Development of financial and/or tax incentives for historic preservation. • Conduct surveys of prospective historic districts. • Obtain Certified Local Government (CLG) status. • Encourage rehabilitation of historic buildings. • Provide an appeal process for homeowners of historic resources who do not follow historic design guidelines. Boulder City Municipal Code, Title 11, Chapter 27 Historic Resources Boulder City's Municipal Code, Title 11, Chapter 27 titled Historic Resources details the role of the City's Historic Preservation Committee and outlines the historic preservation ordinance for Boulder City. The Historic Resources chapter was implemented due to ordinance no. 1369 effective on December 4, 2008, followed by ordinance no. 1572 that went into effect on October 20, 2016. The chapter contains seven sub-sections, including the purpose of the chapter, the duties of the Community Development Department and the Historic Preservation Committee, the designation of historic resources, the description of historic resources, historic development guidelines, and demolition and rehabilitation of historic resources. For a full copy of the document refer to the Boulder City government website: https://www. bcnv org/DocumentCenter/View/3463/CITY-CODE----Historic-Resources-PDF Boulder City Historic Preservation Committee The Boulder City Historic Preservation Committee was established in 2006 under the mandate of ordinance no. 1295. The Committee is comprised of 5 residents of Boulder City, and it is tasked with advising the Planning Commission and the City Council on all matters pertaining to historic preservation and to assisting property owners with maintaining and enhancing the historic resources of Boulder City. The Committee's duties are detailed in section 11-27-2-B of Boulder City's Municipal Code, Title 11, Chapter 27, Historic Resources. Certified Local Government (CLG) Status Boulder City became a Certified Local Government in August 2019. The CLG program is a preservation partnership between local, state, and national governments focused BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN on promoting historic preservation. The program is jointly administered by the National Park Service (NPS) and the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in each state. Each community works through a certification process to become a CLG as well as provides a detailed annual report on preservation activity. Cities participating in the CLG program benefit from financial resources to undertake historic preservation initiatives in the community and demonstrate their commitment to historic preservation efforts. One component of the requirements to maintain Certified Local Government status is the regular update of a community's preservation comprehensive plan. Though overdue, the creation of this historic preservation plan is critical to the continuation of the City's previous preservation planning efforts and the overall success of the preservation program. Since receiving CLG status, Boulder City has funded an updated historic resource survey of the Boulder City Historic District and the development of the 2020 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan. The 2020 preservation plan will serve as a guide for both city staff as well as Boulder City citizens and property owners to identify concentrations of areas with high levels of historic integrity, make suggestions about possible resources to protect through local designation, highlight properties that may be eligible for National Register designation, and outline goals through long-range planning efforts, five and ten years out. 2020 Historic District Resource Survey In January 2020, Boulder City approved an update to the Historic District resource survey used to compile the 1983 Boulder City Historic District National Register nomination. The project was awarded to North Wind Resource Consulting, and was led by Courtney Mooney, MPS, during the spring of 2020. The survey focuses on the individual properties that make up the Boulder City's Historic District to assess the level of historic integrity retained within the district since its creation in 1983. According to the updated survey, 518 buildings were identified in the historic district, of which 445 are residential, 52 are commercial, 12 are institutional, public, or semi- public, and 9 are associated with operational and/or maintenance activities. Of these properties, 225 properties are recommended as contributing resources to the district, with 293 properties recommended as non-contributing. Sixty-four properties, including the NRHP-listed Boulder City Hotel, are recommended as individually eligible for listing in the NRHP under Criterion A and under Criterion C. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Nevada Preservation relies upon this survey throughout this Historic Preservation Plan to provide advice to Boulder City regarding the deterioration of the historic integrity of many of the city's historic resources. We see Boulder City at an important juncture in its historic preservation. It is important that Boulder City engage with the public on this survey's findings, making it clear the number of alterations that have left buildings with diminished historic integrity. Boulder City Master Plan The Boulder City Master Plan was adopted by the City Council in December of 2003 and updated in February of 2015. It lays out the principles, policies, and goals for the long-range planning needs of the community, including urban growth and annexation, use and development of land, preservation of open spaces, and the expansion of public facilities and services. Chapter 11 titled Historic Preservation, outlines policies to protect, promote, and stabilize historic resources, as well as includes an overview of the historic district and its characteristics. It is important to note that the Master Plan in its entirety is not sensitive to the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. Refer to Appendix H for an overview of policies and initial recommendations to foster better preservation ethics.13, Controlled Growth Ordinance The citizens of Boulder City enacted various charter amendments to keep growth contained, striving to maintain the small-town charm of the city. The citizens adopted a ballot initiative in 1979 for growth control and another in 1997 to restrict how city land can be sold, as most of the vacant land is owned by the city. The city's territory increased in 1995 with the acquisition of approximate 167 square miles of former federal land and again in 2008 with the annexation of 6.5 square miles of federal land, bringing the total area within the city's limits to approximately 207 square miles, most of which is owned by the city, undeveloped and restricted to stay that way as detailed in Title 11, Chater 41 Controlled Growth Ordinance, of the City Code. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Resources Historic resources in Boulder City may include several types, such as buildings, structures, sites, districts, and landmarks. These resources are listed either on the Boulder City Historic Register, the State Register of Historic Places, the National Register of Historic Places, or a combination of these three. The type of designation of a historic resource is a result of the resource's level of significance and association with local, state, or national history. Each designated resource in Boulder City has an association with Boulder City's history as listed in the preservation ordinance section 11-27-3A, Criteria for Evaluation. Currently, there are only two extant nationally and locally designated historic resources within Boulder City: 1. Boulder City Historic District 2. Boulder Dam Hotel Boulder City Historic District .... 01.04.4. 14 _i_ _ ..... ......._cicalort., . -w40111 *lift 464.- \ ------ gee i \ Ile " - '-'''' ek ' ...... t -- -- _ 1 - iHELI: 7: i BE MIS SI E\1 RE t: ri E:Ti 1.. 1,71 111 I 1 I I= ZI\r. =E =ial El= 111 • �R`.all �.y I � 21 ..... -- Oyu � ,�� N��r �r�rrrrf �llt► � �� v r � � �.:� rrrr •rr.rri: .: t• 4,s' rrnk� e/* *, rr- -"� - ► �" rr�r�� r try ,.�r,..' Figure 1: Boulder City Historic District boundary The Boulder City Historic District is located in the Downtown area of Boulder City. Generally bounded by the Government Center and Watertank Hill on the north, the Railroad spur and Date Street on the west; New Mexico and Fifth Streets on the south; and California Avenue and Avenues F, I, and L on the east as illustrated in NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Figure 1. The district consists of 518 parcels, including in 447 residential properties, 50 commercial properties, 12 institutional, public, or semi-public buildings, and 9 buildings associated with operational and/or maintenance activities. The period of significance spans from 1931 to 1945, with several architectural styles, including Spanish Revival, Minimal Traditional, International, National Folk, and Ranch. The Historic District is Boulder City's only designated historic district on the National Register and on the local register. An updated survey of the Historic District conducted by Northwind Resource Consultants in the spring of 2020, concluded that over half of the properties in the Historic District no longer contribute to the historic integrity of the area. National Register of Historic Places: 08/19/1983 Boulder City Historic Register: 2008 Boulder Dam Hotel opodpi 1 I. r _ NOTEI. F , 0 Aoki tit I If r 16 ta •�� LL .� Figure 2: Boulder Dam Hotel. Buildings of Nevada, Julie Nicoletta. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000, 236-236. The Boulder Dam Hotel filled an important function during the construction of the Hoover (Boulder) Dam. The Colonial-Revival hostelry was constructed in three stages beginning in 1932. Originally U-shaped, the structure became H-shaped by 1935. It has been in continuous use as a hotel since its construction and retains a high degree of integrity. Oriented to the north, it is located on Arizona Street, close to the historic business district. It is near all the Reclamation-era governmental structures that stepped down from the promontory which overlooks the town. The hotel continues BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN to provide accommodations to tourists and locals alike, with charming rooms, a restaurant, a lounge, a museum, gift shop, and art galleries. Address: 1305 Arizona Street, Boulder City, NV 89005 National Register of Historic Places: 07/11/1982 Nevada State Register of Historic Places: 07/11/1982 Boulder City Historic Register: 2008 Old Boulder City Hospital (Wellsprings/Life Giving Springs Retreat) Demolished r 1 / i __ /11 I ''' 1110 . _ .,...,•- I , -4, 1, ; • Allo Figure 3: Old Boulder City Hospital. Places that Were, 2016 The Boulder City Hospital was built in 1931 to serve the needs of the Six Companies, Inc. employees who were constructing Boulder Dam. It was built as an astylar, functional structure, designed to complement the stucco, arcuated public and commercial buildings that comprised the city's master plan. It was actively used as a medical facility for a major part of the forty years and served as a retreat for the Episcopal Sisters of Charity from 1977 to 2000, when it was sold to the Western diocese of the Orthodox Church who remained it the Life-Giving Springs Retreat. In 2009, the diocese closed the retreat and listed the property for sale. The hospital was sold in July 2015 to local developer Randolph Schams who demolished the property in the spring of 2016 to potentially build a new housing development on the site. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Address: 701 Park Place, Boulder City, NV 89005 National Register of Historic Places: 04/01/1982 Nevada State Register of Historic Places: 06/05/1981 Potential Historic Resources (1945-1970's) As of January 2020, Boulder City has reached a new age threshold where historic resources from 1970 may qualify for nomination into the National Register of Historic Places. With many structures built after 1950, it is important for the City to conduct a city-wide historic resource survey to identify significant buildings, sites, and structures across Boulder City to include the preservation of postmodernist structures along with its current historic resources. Community involvement, education, and support will aid the City in its preservation efforts and develop a community consensus on the importance of preserving those structures from the recent past with the same eagerness for preserving the Historic Downtown District. The following potential resources have been identified by the Nevada Preservation Foundation, Boulder City's Historic Preservation Committee, Northwind Resource Consulting LLC, and the Boulder City Community Development Department, based on their age (at least 50 years old), architectural merit, and relationship to Boulder City's developmental and cultural history. These resources require additional study to determine their eligibility to the local, state, and/or National Register of Historic Places. Note: This list is by no means exhaustive. A proper reconnaissance level survey is required to identify ALL post 1945 potential resources in Boulder City. Potential Resource Dates Bullock Field,part of the historic Boulder City Airport operational between 1933 and 1990 The Nevada Way Commercial District,spanning Nevada Way and Avenue B, 1931-1945 between Ash and Arizona St The Boulder City Branch Railroad operated by the Union Pacific Railroad. operational between 1930 and 1985. The Historic Boulder City Water Filtration Plant built in1931 Boulder City Pool and Racquetball Complex at 861 Avenue B built in 1964 Sixty-four properties in the Boulder City Historic District,including the 1931-1945 NRHP-listed Boulder City Hotel,refer to figure 5. Various residential areas,including south of Adams Blvd and east of Buchanan (1970s),north of Adams Blvd and west of Utah St(1960s),and north and south 1960s-1970s of Adams Blvd and west of Utah Street(1970s).Refer to figure 4. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Figure 4: Development of Boulder City by decades - r- • 4440411ile, 1 °/r �wiF Aid, litir ,,, ., Y.:Z. 4,..- ...`) .. .....'4* C r • -Icrry Q !; / i .10... dP s y� / 0 APR= _ l He • ' "" 0ram..— ;olix _-44*• �/• .. .' *o•i tl•\. - 011 �/y .#y C < r. }..__._ A 'cy /J� ,( ,ppp��77 Hall •1. 'L._F �\A. a .. .w.WYOMING ST 4>J VETERANS MEMOa N .. 4\16,\I�``.�.'-' ' i' .,+o �' rI_, 5 L i. , V.* 'iti y ss. • > W r `.• 1 ). Kl a a 4 , v /� •. 1 t I��y • ♦ p 1 � f r J' i t y •J: ' 9v i. ai'%.0 ook • �� .l 1 f �•�r _ • 1. • � ,e .'� .1 NIA \,,,, .•.... .01! x i 4'04.4i'VC6,,,' ' , IP W 41110111. vOP , aik..., . )tir * ‘ ,10‘ • Vicinity Map �i/ }r "• Ni 1. �' a ''',...it r yM :,r ICUIDrDGrI•w r ;t;Cw 1 c� urnv ��fffff`````/// ...., i4 �,., Construction Year ., frFlFR \ ce#1 .�',, 1930's qN . -,tYy.MFMO -i 1940's '( :a 4A 1980•s .. it s Ili 1970's 1980 and newer JW BCG IS 09/03/2020 NL VADA POI-SE.OVATION FOUNDATION Figure 5: Individually Eligible Resources in the Historic District. Updated Architectural Survey and Inventory of the Boulder City Historic District, NorthWind Consulting 2020 RTIHW NO IND CONSULTING Updated Architectural Survey and Inventory of the Boulder City Historic District North Wind Resource Consulting, LLC Report No. 030459 Table 1. Summary of NRHP Individual Eligibility Recommendations Type Group Number Addresses Criteria Commercial (U) 3 1225 Arizona Street A 1305 Arizona Street(Listed) A,C 550 Nevada Way A,C Institutional/Public/Semi- (S) 3 600 Nevada Way A,C public 1200 Park Street(Admin A,C Bldg) 401 California Avenue A Reclamation Operational (V) 3 300 Railroad Avenue A and Maintenance 500 Date Street A 1310 Mountain View Place A,C Residential A 2 706 Park Street A,C 726 Park Street A,C Residential C 1 700 Park Street A,C Residential J 8 516 Cherry Street A,C 524 Cherry Street A,C 528 Cherry Street A,C 532 Cherry Street A,C 536 Cherry Street A,C 548 Cherry Street A,C 552 Cherry Street A,C 556 Cherry Street A,C Residential K 2 519 Cherry Street A,C 511 Cherry Street A,C Residential L 23 417 Birch Street A,C 418 Birch Street A,C 421 Birch Street A,C BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN NDRTh-1WIND RESOI E CONSULTING Table 1. Summary of NRHP Individual Eligibility Recommendations Type Group Number Addresses Criteria 426 Birch Street A,C 438 Birch Street A, C 503 Birch Street A, C 504 Ash Street A, C 504 Birch Street A,C 507 Birch Street A,C 508 Birch Street A, C 511 Birch Street A, C 515 Birch Street A, C 519 Birch Street A, C 520 Birch Street A, C 523 Birch Street A, C 524 Birch Street A, C 527 Birch Street A, C 528 Birch Street A, C 531 Birch Street A, C 532 Birch Street A, C 536 Birch Street A, C 539 Birch Street A,C 540 Birch Street A, C Residential M 5 508-510 Ash Street A, C 512-514 Ash Street A, C 516-518 Ash Street A, C 520-522 Ash Street A, C 524-526 Ash Street A, C Residential N 2 409 Ash Street A, C 414 Ash Street A, C Residential 0 5 1322 Denver Street A,C 1330 Denver Street A, C NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION RTF=I NO WWND `ESOURCE CONSULTING Table 1. Summary of NRHP Individual Eligibility Recommendations Type Group Number Addresses Criteria 1338 Denver Street A, C 308 Nevada Way A, C 324 Nevada Way A, C Residential P 2 405 Birch Street A, C 411 Birch Street A, C Residential (T) 3 904-906 Wyoming Street A, C 909-913 Wyoming Street A, C 1267-1269 Wyoming Street A, C Residential (X) 1 1411 Denver Street A, C Residential (W) 1 640 C Avenue A, C 22 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Design Guidelines The Historic Preservation Committee has developed historic design guidelines for the Boulder City Historic District to help homeowners maintain the historic integrity of their properties. The guidelines include information on the building's construction, including the housing type and key exterior architectural features. Following the guidelines for additions or modifications are encouraged, but not mandatory. However, in some cases non-compliance with the guidelines will result in a temporary delay of a building permit so that the request can be forwarded to the Historic Preservation Committee for their input and guidance. After that, the property owner may still build or remodel according to code. Not all items listed within the guidelines require a building permit, such as changing your landscaping. Refer to the Boulder City government website for copies of the guidelines according to property type. https.//www.bcnvorg/175/Preservation-Documents NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 23 Designation of Historic Resources Boulder City's Historic Preservation Ordinance does not include the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) criteria for the designation of historic resources. According to section 11-27-3-A of Boulder City's municipal code Title 11, Chapter 27, Historic Resources, an area, neighborhood, or district may be designated as a Historic Area or Historic District; and any site, natural feature, structure, or building may be designated as a Landmark Site or Building of Historic Significance, if it has significant character, interest, or value as part of the development, heritage, or cultural characteristics of Boulder City, the State of Nevada, or the Nation; and if it falls into one or more of the following categories: INstorical Significance Architectural Significance Historic Area Significance It is the location of,or is associated in a significant way It embodies the distinctive visible characteristics of an with,a historic event which had a significant effect architectural style,period,or a method of construc- upon the City,State,or Nation tion It is associated in a significant way with the life of a person important in the history of the City,State,or It is an outstanding work of a designer or builder Nation Because of its prominent location,contrasts of setting, age,or scale,it is an easily identifiable visual feature of the City and contributed to the distinctive quality or It is associated in a significant way with an important It contains elements of extraordinary or unusual identity of the City. aspect of the cultural,political,or economic heritage architectural or structural design,detail,use of of the community,City,State or Nation. materials,or craftsmanship It portrays the environment of a group of people in an era of history characterized by a distinctive architec- tural style. Boulder City Historic Designation Process According to section 11-27-3-B of the Boulder City's municipal code Title 11, Chapter 27, Historic Resources, any person, group, or association may nominate a prospective area, district, site or building for formal designation and inclusion in the Boulder City Historic Registry. The application process to nominate a historic resource is not detailed in the ordinance. However, once completed, the Historic Preservation Committee reviews the nomination and makes recommendations to the City Council. Any nomination regarding the creation of a historic area or district also requires a review and recommendation by the Planning Commission. Prior to any action by the City Council, a public hearing is held, and notice is mailed to owners of the property proposed to be so designated at least five, but not more than fifteen days prior to the date of the hearing. Following a determination of formal designation by the City Council, notice of the BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN determination shall be mailed to the owners of the property or properties affected by the designation, together with a copy of Title 11, Chapter 27, and any pertinent development guidelines. Such designation shall also be entered in the Boulder City Historic Registry. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 25 CHAPTER 3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The following goals and objectives are the core of the Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan. These goals are derived from the preservation issues facing Boulder City identified through archival research and public feedback between March and December 2020. This chapter is divided into five primary preservation program components: The Historic Preservation Ordinance, the Historic Preservation Committee, Survey and Historic Context, Incentives, and Heritage Tourism. Each program component includes an analysis of the issues affecting its efficiency, followed by a goal. Each goal is then assigned an objective to achieve with recommendations. It is important to note that given the substantial loss of historic integrity in the Boulder City Historic District since its inception in 1983, Boulder City is at risk of losing much of its historic character and jeopardizing its future potential resources if it continues its current trajectory. A significant loss of integrity could mean the risk of losing historic designation, which could put at risk CLG status and the economic incentive opportunities that CLG status and historic designation is intended to provide. A combination of code amendments, surveys, education, planning, and community engagement are key factors for protecting Boulder City's historic resources and to continue its path as a historic community. 26 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Ordinance The City's municipal code presently has a zoning ordinance titled Historic Resources in Title 11, Chapter 27. This section describes the regulation of historic resources in Boulder City, as well as the role of the Historic Preservation Committee (HPC). The ordinance was established in 2000 following the 1998 report by the Historic District Preservation Plan Study Committee titled "Historic District Preservation Plan: Summary Report". Since establishing the preservation ordinance, several revisions have occurred to support the evolving preservation needs of the community, as listed in Appendix C. As it stands, the current ordinance could benefit from a more structured mandate following a closer accordance with the Secretary of the Interior's (SOI) Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. By following SOI standards in local policy, Boulder City will allow for more fluidity in best preservation and development practices. The following goals and objectives outline a full review of the historic preservation ordinance based on the Nevada SHPO Model Ordinance, listed in Appendix D. GOAL 1 Review and amend Boulder City's Code Title 11, Chapter 27 `Historic Resources' to comply with current state and federal historic preservation standards. Objective 1.1: Update qualifications for designation listed in section 11-27-3-A of Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code. The criteria for federal designation should set the standard by which resources can be eligible to apply for historic designation at the local level. At the time of this plan, Boulder City's designation process does not formally acknowledge the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) criteria for eligibility. It is recommended that Boulder City formally reference NRHP criteria for all eligible and potentially eligible resources to streamline the nomination process for both the local and state designations. National Register Bulletin "How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation", Section VI How to Identify the Type of Significance of a Property, sets the criteria for proper evaluation and eligibility standards. Please refer to Appendix G for an excerpt of the document. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION For those resources that do not meet NRHP criteria, it is recommended to continue with the local criteria as detailed in section 11-27-3-A of the ordinance. However, it is encouraged to expand on the current criteria to include an appropriate age threshold and social context considerations for eligible and potentially eligible resources. An age threshold will provide the City with a standard for qualifying historic resources based on their age. Objective 1.2: Update the procedure for landmark or historic district recommendations in section 11-27-3-B of Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code. The current Boulder City preservation ordinance does not provide a structured procedure for designating historic resources to the local register. The procedure for designation should include a detailed step-by-step process for individual resources and neighborhood designation. For an example of a detailed local designation process, please refer to section 6 of the NV SHPO Model Ordinance, included in Appendix D. Objective 1.3: Implement a Certificate of Appropriateness (CoA) for alterations and new construction affecting individually designated resources or historic districts. To protect the historic integrity of the Boulder City Historic District, as well as any individually designated resource and future resources, it is highly recommended to implement a Certificate of Appropriateness (CoA) for exterior alterations, infill development (within a historic district), and new additions to historic structures. As identified in the 2020 updated survey of the Boulder City Historic District, the loss of contributing resources was predominately due to incompatible modifications and renovations of private residences and businesses. This issue can be halted with an approval of a CoA by the HPC. Refer to section 7 of the NV SHPO Model Ordinance listed in Appendix D for a sample criterion to establish a CoA for alterations and new construction. Objective 1.4: Implement a Certificate of Appropriateness (CoA) for demolition of individually designated resources and for contributing properties in a historic district. Similar to a Certificate of Appropriateness (CoA) for alterations to historic resources and new construction in a historic district, it is recommended to implement a CoA BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Figure 6: City of Independence, Missouri CoA Approval Matrix COA APPROVAL MATRIX CONTRIBUTING NON-CONTRIBUTING ACTION No Approval Administrative Commission No Approval Administrative Commission Additions X X Accessory structures(sheds,garages,etc.), visible/not visible from the street X X Awnings,new installation X X Awnings,color change X X Deck,visible/not visbile from the street X X Decorative shutters X X Demolitions, part/all of building or structure X X Doors,visible from the street X X Doors, not visible from the street X X Driveways X X Equipment(antennas,satellite dishes,etc.) X X Exterior siding(clapboard,stucco, brick,etc.) in-kind repair X X Exterior siding(clapboard,stucco, brick,etc.) replacement with new materials X X Fences or gates X X Foundation, repair X X Fountains,visible from the street X X Landscaping(mature trees),visible from the street X X New Construction(infill) X X Paint,color change X X Pool X X Porch,new construction X X Relocation of building/structure X X Re-pointing, repair X X CONTRIBUTING NON-CONTRIBUTING ACTION No Approval Administrative Commission No Approval,Administrative Commission Retaining walls X X Roof,repair X X Roof replacement in-kind X X Roof replacement with new materials X X Screen-in exisiting porches X X Screened-in porches-new construction X X Sidewalks, repair X X Sidewalks, new construction/materials X X Signs/plaques X X Site lighting, repair/replacement in-kind X X Site lighting, new X X Storm windows, replacement in-kind X X Storm windows, new materials X X Trim(scrollwork,fascia, porch details,etc.) repair/replacement in-kind X X Trim(scrollwork,fascia, porch details,etc.) new materials/design X X Windows,visible/not visible from the street, repair X X Windows,visible/not visible from the street, replacement in-kind X X Windows,visible/not visible from the street, new materials X X Revised June 2007 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION procedure for demolition of historic resources in Boulder City. Refer to Section 8 of the NV SHPO Model Ordinance, for a sample criterion to establish a CoA for demolition. Objective 1.5: Develop an appeal process for property owners of historic resources who are subject to a demolition or building CoA. To provide a democratic platform for historic preservation, it is recommended to instate an appeal process for property owners of historic resources to petition demolition and alteration CoA decisions made by the HPC to the City Council by written request. The appeal process should outline the parameters for petitions, such as a time frame to appeal a decision from the HPC, any required application and fees, a scheduled public hearing time frame, and any public notice required by the City Council. The City Council will have the final say in any appeal case. For those property owners requesting an appeal for a demolition permit under a claim of economic hardship, a supplementary economic hardship application for an appeal must be submitted. Refer to section 7, subsection 2g and 2h and section 8, subsection c4 of the NV SHPO Model Ordinance for a reference on appeals and economic hardship relief, respectively. Objective 1.6: Establish a process and criteria for the nomination of historic districts lead by a neighborhood, citizen initiative, or other grassroots campaign. Currently, there is no avenue for community involvement in the nomination of a historic district detailed in the preservation ordinance. According to section 11-27-3-B Procedures for Designation of Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code, any one person, group, or association can nominate a prospective area or district without the approval of a majority. The nomination is then reviewed by the HPC and forwarded to the City Council to ultimately decide. With a grassroots approach, residents of a potential historic district unite to develop a community campaign to acquire a majority vote through the undertaking of community meetings, canvassing, and historic research to forward a district nomination to the HPC or to ultimately terminate the nomination if a certain voting threshold is not reached. This democratic approach gives residents an opportunity to voice their opinions and directly affect the outcome of a potential historic district, providing an opportunity for community involvement, education, and support for historic preservation initiatives across the City. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN The Historic Preservation Committee Currently, the Boulder City preservation ordinance only allows the Historic Preservation Committee (HPC) an advisory role to the Planning Department and to the City Council on matters pertaining to historic preservation. The HPC does not have the power to enforce the historic preservation ordinance, nor make any executive decision regarding historic preservation initiatives in Boulder City. In an effort to uphold the ordinance and protect the integrity of Boulder City's Historic District and any future historic resource, a full update of the Historic Preservation Committee structure and their executive tasks and powers should be of utmost priority. The analysis of the HPC should be done within the framework of the Nevada Certified Local Government Handbook: https://shpo.nvgov/uploads/documents/ Nevada CLG Handbook -_Final (2019).pdf GOAL 2 Update the structure, powers, and duties of the Historic Preservation Committee (HPC) Objective 2.1: Update the executive tasks and powers of the HPC listed in section 11-27-2-B of Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code. In addition to the advisory role and tasks detailed in section 11-27-2-B of Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code, consider providing the HPC with the executive power to: • Approve, conditionally approve, or deny an application for historic designation. • Approve, conditionally approve, or deny a CoA for alterations, new construction, and/or demolition permit for designated and potentially eligible historic resource. • Develop and execute historic preservation initiatives financed with funds obtained as the result of CLG status or federal funds. Objective 2.2: Update the committee membership to include commissioners with a professional background. To establish a more balanced committee with professional insight into historic preservation, consider establishing a qualification standard for the addition of 2-3 voting members with professional backgrounds in either Archeology (prehistoric or historic), Architectural History, Conservation, Cultural Anthropology, Curation, Engineering, Folklore, Historic Architecture, Historic Landscape Architecture, Historic NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Preservation Planning, Historic Preservation, or History as detailed in the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards, in Appendix F. Professions in the field of Architecture, Urban Planning, Building Construction, and Art History, are also excellent options for members of the HPC. However, if residents with a professional background as described above cannot be sourced in Boulder City, consider reaching out to residents of Las Vegas or Henderson to join the HPC as ex-officio, non-voting members to provide voting members with professional guidance on more sensitive preservation topics. Objective 2.3: Apply CLG funds towards preservation workshops and conferences for commissioners. It is recommended that HPC members attend yearly or biennial workshops, training, and historic preservation conferences to stay updated on current historic preservation standards, case-studies, and funding opportunities for future preservation initiatives in Boulder City. This training can be financed using CLG funds. 32 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN A City-Wide Historic Context Statement and Survey Objective 3 of the 2019 Historic Preservation Committee Goals, listed in Appendix B, recommends a city-wide historic resource survey to develop a historic context statement that will establish a complete timeline of the planning and development of Boulder City from its founding through 1981. At the time of this report, Boulder City has only surveyed resources within the existing Boulder City Historic District. No surveys exist outside of this boundary, which means that the architectural and urban development history and associated resources post-1945 is unaccounted for. In best preservation planning practices, there are two levels of surveys that can be performed: intensive or reconnaissance level. Reconnaissance level surveys primarily establish development trends, key architects/builders, design typology patterns, and a photographic record. Intensive level surveys are expanded reconnaissance surveys that also entail archival and historical research that is utilized to identify significant people, places, themes, events, builder/developer, and architectural styles. Intensive level surveys serve as the foundation for historic context statements that create the road map for future historic designation and preservation of existing housing stock. Historic context statements should be used to evaluate potential historic districts and individually eligible resources at the local, state, or national register. GOAL 3 Identify and promote historic resources, including structures, districts, landmarks, and archeological sites, that help define a sense of place in Boulder City. Objective 3.1: Conduct a city-wide reconnaissance level survey (RLS) of the City's historic resources. Since the 1980's, the City has focused its attention and resources into documenting the early town site development of Boulder City. However, as Boulder City continues to grow beyond its founding history, its focus on historic preservation should also expand. It is recommended that Boulder City conduct a reconnaissance level survey (RLS) of the areas outside of the Historic District post 1945. It is recommended Boulder City utilized its CLG status to apply for state, federal and philanthropic funds for the following surveys: NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION • 1945-1960 Mid-Century Architecture • 1960-1970 Modern/Experimental • 1970-1980 Post Modern Architecture • 1980-1985 Architecture of the recent past Such a survey work would provide a basis for identifying areas with potential integrity where historic preservation planning could be beneficial for existing housing. A RLS is the first step in putting a plan in place for more intensive surveys, historic contexts, and historic register nominations. Surveys for building stock of these time periods would situate Boulder City to look at existing housing during the Post-WWII era that is popular in the American Southwest. By prioritizing survey work from this era, Boulder City may also identify other architectural types of residential and commercial importance that are tied to the city's incorporation date in 1960 and the controlled growth ordinance of 1970, which allows for Boulder City to retain its `small town' feel. Objective 3.2: Complete a city-wide historic context statement. A city-wide historic context statement provides the framework for identifying and evaluating the City's historic resources. It can identify important themes in the City's history and development, including a broad range of architectural, social, ethnic, and cultural topics from the town site development up to the 1980's, as outlined in Objective 3.1. Funding for a historic context statement can be sourced through the CLG Government Grant Program, the National Park Service, and the National Trust for Historic Preservation, as well as through other state and federal grants. Objective 3.2: Develop a Historic Resources Survey Plan It is recommended that Boulder City develop a schedule to update the local register and accompanying historic resource inventories. While the frequency for reviewing nominations and surveys will depend greatly on budgeting constraints, developing an 8-10-year plan to review and update historic inventories could stem the loss of historic integrity visible in the Boulder City Historic District. It is important, however, to develop a Historic Resources Survey Plan that conforms to the City's financial and human BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN resources. If budget constraints make an 8-10-year plan unsustainable, then assessing the City's resources and allocated funds will be required to set a more feasible date range. Objective 3.4: Establish a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) for a historic preservation planning consultant. Hiring a historic preservation planning consultant will help Boulder City staff and the HPC identify potential historic resources, develop a framework for eligibility, review planning policies, and provide guidance on preservation initiatives in the city. A consultant can be hired using CLG funds. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 35 Incentives for Historic Preservation Providing incentives for property owners to follow design guidelines, especially if those guidelines are mandatory, eases the responsibility of being a historic property steward. There is a wide array of possible incentives for home and business owners of historic resources. Stated below is initial guidance on how to structure an incentive program based on the most widely used practices in municipalities of similar size. It is important for Boulder City to develop incentives that are reasonable for the City to fund and maintain. GOAL 4 Foster community support for preservation practices, promote the private and public use of historic structures. Objective 4.1: Develop a minor home repair program for residential properties that will support maintenance and integrity of historic districts and existing housing stock. Currently, only private businesses benefit from local Redevelopment Area funds for historic preservation projects. Residential homeowners do not have a source of funding for the maintenance of their historic properties. By establishing a minor home repair program for private homeowners, the City creates an incentive for historic preservation allowing residents to maintain the historic integrity of historic districts and individual properties. The City of Las Vegas has a similar program in the form of a matching grant that is funded through their Centennial license plates. This grant funds a range of history related programs, including small dollar grants for homeowners of historic resources through the Las Vegas HPC. Objective 4.2: Develop a historic preservation easement program overseen by the HPC. A historic preservation easement is a voluntary legal agreement, typically in the form of a deed, which permanently protects a significant historic property. Since it is a perpetual easement, an owner is assured that the property's historic character will be preserved. In addition, an owner who donates an historic preservation easement may be eligible for one or more forms of federal tax benefits. Typically, easements are overseen by the municipality's historic preservation officer or a nonprofit organization. Refer to Appendix I for the National Park Service brief on preservation easements. • BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Objective 4.3: Develop land use policies and financial incentives to encourage adaptive reuse of vacant historic buildings. Adaptive reuse of vacant historic buildings can revitalization commercial areas, promote local job growth, increase local tax revenue, and contribute to the long- term economic sustainability of communities. Before undertaking policy reform and financial incentives, a thorough economic, environmental, and social study needs to be conducted to assess the viability of adaptive reuse in Boulder City. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 37 Cultural Heritage Tourism The National Trust for Historic Preservation defines cultural heritage tourism as "... traveling to experience the places, artifacts, and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present. It includes cultural, historic, and natural resources." Boulder City has set the tone for its cultural heritage tourism ideals: as "the home of Hoover Dam." As an internationally recognized engineering marvel, the dam positions Boulder City in a perpetual unique tourism advantage for regional, national, and international tourism. The link between the development of the dam, the town site, and current historic preservation and sustainability trends press the exigency that Boulder City take the steps to craft a detailed heritage tourism plan. It is recommended that Boulder City also consider the benefits of local heritage tourism for neighborhood residents and youth through the development of walking tours to educate and engage neighbors with architecture and preservation trends. GOAL 5 Develop cultural heritage tourism programs based on historic preservation ideals as an economic driver and educational resource for the community. Objective 5.1: Use CLG, federal and philanthropic funds to hire a consultant/ nonprofit heritage tourism firm to develop a tailored Heritage Tourism Assessment for Boulder City. A tailored Heritage Tourism Assessment will identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to heritage tourism attractions in Boulder City. This analysis should include an identification of target markets, current tourism trends, historic resources, and economic data to develop initiatives and implementation strategies specific to Boulder City. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 39 CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION Achieving a successful preservation program will require the implementation of goals and objectives by Boulder City's Community Development Department, the Historic Preservation Committee, and the City Council. By working together, the City can effectively develop and promote an effective preservation program for the wellbeing of the community through education, advocacy, preservation, and economic development. The following matrix identifies the priority of implementation for the objectives listed in Chapter 3 with a suggested timeline for each objective. As resources are allocated, the City and the HPC should emphasize the highest priority actions whenever possible. 40 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 0 Cr W N -+ 111 A W N • (D O_ p p 7 m p m n n ^ D '-^. C p C ^ p a n C n C rD < < < ,' v < d 3 0 7 _,0 -0 7 a -• < rD a � < �. 0 ? D ,�^. d n G' n rci ro ro S 6 rD 7 g -0 c a 3 c c, o o u ro rp -' o, 73 o, -. c. K 1:30 3 l0 rD H d v+ C d n O !D 7 '^-< • 3 , 7 = 0 -0 ? O ^ 7 C !0 n 3 0) N N a N 7 O N 0 V rD CL u, o v+ 7 _ rD rD a rD 'O 0 ° c o ar, o c 3 °- 0 3 z o r, 3 -0 o ono wo s v N •^ - u, - pT O 7 a C 0 rD K W 0 rD < 7 0 0 ^ -• �, ^ 7 d p. 0 a 3. . 0 V -. 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E. a. 0 Q (l 7 7 O 7r — V 0 rip 0 ^ D N D a v 7 n c O ao iD w ro r r r r rD rD rD rD CDD rD 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 -. 0 0 0 o a a a a a a mU0 La F 33 3 3 7 7 s7,7 N O N ..._. 0 N N N 0 N 0 N 0 0 N O' NE VADA PRESERVATION FOUNDA I ON THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK 42 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN APPENDIX A Boulder City Community Meeting Results March 5, 2020 Community Meeting Attendees Alan Goya Jill Lagan Ann Langer Joe Kahl Anne Kar Judy Hoskins Bill McElree Karen Hughs Bob Beutler Kiernan McManus Camille Ariotti Lesley DeFalco Carol Jeffries Linda Barnett Charles Hauntz Marci Riggs Chelsea West Mary Shope Debbie West Nathaniel Gee Dennis McBride Nicole Colins Devon West Philip Irby Eileen Wilkinson Roger Shoaff Ernie Koontz Ron Bordigioni Fred & Phyllis Sue Burger Fred Voltz Teresa Beaver Glenn Feyen Teri Moss Heather Abel Tiane Marie Henry Wolking Tom Ruggs Hermann Friedman Tsvetelina Stefanora James Adams Discussion Topics A. What is Historic Preservation? B. Historic Preservation Ordinance and Committee C. Grassroots Designation of Historic Districts D. Cultural Heritage Tourism Debrief/Results Each discussion topic was assessed in four different group sessions, allowing 15 minutes per topic.The participants were divided into four groups of 10-11 people and provided with information on each topic along with discussion questions to move the conversation forward and to obtain a sense of the community's stand on Historic Preservation.The following results were obtained from each discussion topic. NFvcrL nkf 'IPVt ( N F( UNnA7icN A. What is Historic Preservation? In this group, participants were provided with questions and topics relating to the Secretary of the Interior Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.This breakout session did not yield specific feedback from the community but was used as an educational tool to instruct participants on historic preservation standards, benefits, and objectives. Questions and topics included: 1. What are we trying to accomplish with historic preservation? a. Recording the history of our communities through architecture b. History is not just one point in time 2. What does it mean to create a false sense of history? a. Make changes to a building that were not originally there b. Alterations that hide the story of that building 3. Secretary of Interior's Guidelines for the Treatment of Historic Properties a. Not about liking a building, but about preserving its importance b. Four approaches to historic preservation. Not all are created equal i. Preservation ii. Rehabilitation iii. Restoration iv. Reconstruction c. Which of these two could—if used incorrectly—create a false sense of history? 4. Case Studies representing good and poor historic preservation: How Do We Tell the Story of a Building? iltillir w; ram . . 0 3!LIZ: - td'i4 , tite/ ,, ,.,4y.: ..L ,,....”se ' :: i II r� rl , • : SI■■it■t_ !-.• ": • 'f Something Old, •, :, � �4 ,,_,,. ,� y IUI' � I i LII_ Something New Rooftop Additions ' I I I >rr , ',, • iI "s ir = ` t - ? ii iii ii Ili .: Matchy, . w Matchy ,� ,• 4 t'�I i HI !10=1 t 'al I w One Building, _ hi girt,„,i'`_� ' ' 4:1' - .i 44 Two Building k _ill �• ; x. .c . i BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN B. Historic Preservation Ordinance and Committee This breakout session included a discussion on the current historic preservation ordinance and the role of the historic preservation committee (HPC). After a brief overview of the ordinance and the HPC, discussion topics and questions included: 1. What is your level of experience with the historic preservation committee? 2. After reviewing other jurisdictions with HPC's, which HPC model do you like best? 3. After reviewing Boulder City's HPC structure, what do you like about Boulder City's HPC? What don't you like? 4. What do you want Boulder City's HPC to do for the community? 5. Do you feel it is in the best interest of the community for the HPC to enforce a historic ordinance? 6. To what extent should this ordinance be enforced? i.e. merely as voluntary guidelines or strictly enforced laws that protect the historic integrity of historic resources? Or somewhere in the middle? 7. Should owning property with historic designation or in a historic district come with covenants that limit an owner's choices?Why or why not? 8. Should there be an appeals process put in place for homeowners who are restricted by covenants?What does that appeals process consist of? Results/Feedback Based on the presentation and discussion topics,the main takeaway from the breakout session included: 1. The Historic Preservation Committee (HPC) must enforce the historic preservation ordinance—highly supported by attendees. 2. In support of the HPC's enforcement of the ordinance, the attendees requested an appeal process for homeowners who have been rejected a building permits, demo permit, or rehab permit for historically designated resources that do not follow the historic design guidelines. 3. The HPC should include members with professional backgrounds in history, historic preservation, architecture, construction, engineering, or a relevant subject.This was supported by approximately 70%of the attendees.Those in opposition recommended a that potential members with professional background serve as consultants only to allow for a fair distribution of power. 4. Better communication between the HPC, the City, and Boulder City residents regarding historic preservation initiatives. Approximately 80% of the attendees were not informed about the role of the HPC, the ordinance, and the historic design guidelines. Attendees requested better communication from the City regarding meetings, agenda items, enforcements, guidelines, etc. 5. Financial incentives for historic preservation. Every attendee agreed that government grants/funding would help residents maintain their homes in the historic district and provide an incentive for residents to follow the design guidelines. NFVADA RRFSFR VAT FCi.'NCAT!CN C. Grassroots Designation of Historic Districts This breakout session included a discussion of a grassroot designation model for potential historic districts. After a brief overview of the grassroot historic designation process and the options for a neighborhood campaign,the following results were yielded: PARTICIPANTS Of 42 workshop attendees: • 22 lived within an existing historic district or a home built before 1950 • 20 lived outside of an existing historic district or a home built after 1950 CONSIDERING "New" History and New Historic District Designation Concerning opportunities for 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s neighborhoods: • Most participants agree that 1950s, 1960s and even 1970s neighborhoods are at least worth documenting via a windshield survey. • Some questioned legitimacy of"40 years" rule mark towards evaluating architectural merit. • Some questioned if development of newer historic district "devalues" the original historic district SUPPORT FOR GRASSROOT DESIGNATION How many supporting homeowner statements should be required to move forward towards designation? • 2 participants voted to require less than 51% homeownership support • 22 participants voted to require exactly 51% homeownership support • 16 participants voted to require more than 51% homeownership support • 2 participants abstained from voting OPPOSITION FOR GRASSROOT DESINATION How many opposing homeowner statements should be required to halt progress towards becoming a historic district, even in the case of majority support? • 25 participants voted to require greater than 20%opposition • 8 participants voted to require 20%opposition • 6 participants voted to require under 20% opposition • 3 participants abstained from voting Among folks who voted for tougher standards,the following reasons were cited: • Costs for design review • The modernist and postmodernist aesthetics not considered historic • Government oversight • Restrictive design review guidelines • New historic districts would devalue Boulder City's original historic district • New historic districts would be quite small in Boulder City PG i)F R C STCB!C FRF SFFVA CN r l AN D. Cultural Heritage Tourism This breakout session included a discussion about current and possible events for cultural heritage tourism based on historic preservation in Boulder City.The following feedback and reaction from the attendees were noted: 1. All residents were deeply passionate about their community and what it has to offer both locals and tourists. 2. Tourism vs. local programming: all attendees felt there is a need for additional visitors to Boulder City and understand the connection to the City's economic well-being. Most felt this could be done thoughtfully so that the needs of tourists and locals could be met. 3. All participants agreed that tourism is an essential part of economic success and viability. 4. Being more effective in partnering with different organizations to provide the best experience to visitors and to yield a profit. 5. The common tourism/event themes and areas to explore: a. Music festivals b. Events on the lake flatbed c. More partnerships with tourism groups to increase local tourism opportunities. d. Mid-Century themed walking/bus tours. e. Antique Road Show/Event NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 47 September 2020 Community Update Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Nevada Preservation did not hold a second in-person community meeting to prevent the spread of the virus. Instead, in September of 2020, after compiling a draft of the historic preservation plan, Nevada Preservation pre-recorded an update of the recommendations presented in the preservation plan which was aired on Boulder City's TV(BCTV) channel and on the official Boulder City YouTube channel.The presentation was advertised on the September 2020 utility mailer received by the entire Boulder City community.To obtain the communities' feedback on the pre- recorded update, an online survey was created on Survey Monkey with 20 questions related to the presentation.The survey was advertised by Boulder City's Communication Department and by Nevada Preservation through social media, local publications, direct email to residents, and BCTV.The survey was open from October 5th to November 30th, 2020 and monitored via I.P. address to prevent duplicate responses. At the close of the survey on November 30th, 169 responses had been received. The following data summarizes the results. 48 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q1 Good historic preservation means sometimes telling an owner, developer, property owner that they cannot undertake their plans without making some changes. Answered: 169 Skipped: 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 69 11,731 169 Total Respondents: 169 1/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 49 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q2 Boulder City should use the National Register of Historic Places criteriafor the designation of historic resources. Answered: 169 Skipped: 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 71 12,027 169 Total Respondents: 169 7/80 50 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q3 Boulder City should delay and review demolition, including public input, for at least 60 days for which of the following (select as many as you would like): Answered: 169 Skipped: 0 Any building structure,o.. Any building structure or.. Any building that's under... Boulder City:: should never... 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Any building, structure, or site over 50 years old 58.58% 99 Any building, structure or site that has been designated 75.74% 128 Any building that's under 50 years old, but is thought to hold historic importance 52.66% 89 Boulder City should never delay demolition and seek public input for any building, structure, or site 14.79% 25 Total Respondents: 169 13/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q5 Property owners, who are not allowed to make changes to their building, should be able to appeal that decision. Answered 166 Skipped rissarimiiiih 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 85 14,116 166 Total Respondents: 166 20/80 52 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q6 Members of the Historic Preservation Committee should be required to attend trainings on historic preservation at least once every 2 years. Answered: 166 Skipped: 3 1"..11adliliraidilMild=im 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 84 13,913 166 Total Respondents: 166 26/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q7 Some of the members of the Historic Preservation Committee should have professional experience in history, architecture, construction, historic preservation, and other relevant subjects. Answered: 166 Skipped: 3 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 82 13,579 166 Total Respondents: 166 32/80 54 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q8 The Historic Preservation Committee members with professional experience should serve as: Answered: 166 Skipped As Regula Voting Member As Non-Voting Members,onl.. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES As Regular,Voting Members 73.49% 122 As Non-Voting Members, only giving advice 26.51% 44 TOTAL 166 38/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 55 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q9 Residents should be able to nominate their neighborhoods as historic districts by organizing and voting. Answered: 156 Skipped: 13 Laiimmmulumimil 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 67 10,396 156 Total Respondents: 156 39/80 56 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q10 Boulder City staff should help residents with the application process to nomination historic districts. Answered: 156 Skipped: 13 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 74 11,581 156 Total Respondents: 156 45/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 57 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q11 What percentage of neighborhood residents should be required to nominate a historic district? Please rank the following according to your preference where (1) you like the most and (4) you like the least. Answered: 156 Skipped' 13 Must have a least 30%of.. Must have at least 51%of... Must have at least 30%in... Must have at . least 51%in... f' 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 TOTAL SCORE Must have at least 30%of homeowners in a proposed district in 10.90% 25.64% 19.87% 43.59% support 17 40 31 68 156 2.04 Must have at least 51%of homeowners in a proposed district in 50.64% 28.21% 18.59% 2.56% support 79 44 29 4 156 3.27 Must have at least 30% in support, but if 20%are opposed there is no 2.56% 23.08% 42.95% 31.41% historic designation 4 36 67 49 156 1.97 Must have at least 51%in support, but if 20%are opposed there is no 35.90% 23.08% 18.59% 22.44% historic designation 56 36 29 35 156 2.72 51/80 58 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q12 It is very important to identify historic buildings throughout Boulder City. Answered: 149 Skipped: 20 — „114 .... 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 83 12,346 149 Total Respondents: 149 52/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 59 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q13 Nevada Preservation recommended that Boulder City develop a priority list for surveys and historic preservation projects. There are many ways this list could be prioritized. Below are six options, please rank them according to your preference where (1) is the one you like most and (6) is the one you like least. Answered: 149 Skipped. 20 Old resources fir New resource firs Most endangered/d... Most intact areas first Areas whey owners are m.. Areas tha border the.. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL SCORE Older resources first 14.09% 34.23% 23.49% 17.45% 5.37% 5.37% 21 51 35 26 8 8 149 4.18 New resources first 2.68% 0.67% 4.70% 8.72% 24.83% 58.39% 4 1 7 13 37 87 149 1.72 Most endangered/distressed areas first 57.72% 18.12% 10.74% 8.05% 4.03% 1.34% 86 27 16 12 6 2 149 5.13 Most intact areas first 5.37% 10.07% 19.46% 20.81% 30.87% 13.42% 8 15 29 31 46 20 149 2.98 Areas where owners are most engaged first 13.42% 18.79% 15.44% 26.17% 17.45% 8.72% 20 28 23 39 26 13 149 3.58 Areas that border the current historic district 6.71% 18.12% 26.17% 18.79% 17.45% 12.75% 10 27 39 28 26 19 149 3.40 57/80 60 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q14 It is important to learn about the history of Boulder City up to the present time, to identify historic buildings and structures. Answered: 148 Skipped: 21 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 82 12,136 148 Total Respondents: 148 58/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 61 Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q15 Buildings, structures, and sites from 1945 — 1960s are important to Boulder City's architectural and cultural history. Answered: 148 Skipped: 21 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 80 11,907 148 Total Respondents: 148 63/80 67 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q16 Buildings, structures, and site from the 1960s — 1980s are important to Boulder City's architectural and cultural history. Answered: 148 Skipped: 21 maibillElli 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 61 9.075 148 Total Respondents: 148 68/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATIOt. Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q17 If Boulder City joined the Nevada Main Street Program, they would get access to training, grants, and support to increase tourism for locals and tourists. Boulder City would have to pay an at least part-time staffer to run this program for the City. How supportive are you of Boulder City becoming a Nevada Main Street Town? Answered: 145 Skipped: 24 imatallill.111 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ANSWER CHOICES AVERAGE NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER RESPONSES 70 10,166 145 Total Respondents: 145 73/80 64 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q18 In the presentation, Nevada Preservation talked about several different forms of historic preservation incentives. Please rank them in order of your preference where (1) you like the most and (4) you like the least: Answered. iz Tax Incentives (example:.. Financial Incentives... Regulatory Relief... Community Incentives... 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 TOTAL SCORE 17.24%Tax Incentives(example: locally designated homes'property taxes 25.52% 30.34% 26.90% are frozen for 3-5 years) 25 37 44 39 145 2.33 Financial Incentives (example: a matching grant for renovations that 38.62% 26.90% 17.93% 16.55% meet design guidelines) 56 39 26 24 145 2.88 Regulatory Relief(example:waiver of building codes that don't 20.69% 26.21% 24.83% 28.28% jeopardize life safety) 30 38 36 41 145 2.39 Community Incentives (example: demolition of historic structures for 23.45% 21.38% 26.90% 28.28% parking lots discouraged) 34 31 39 41 145 2.40 78/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION f;l Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q19 When you think about historic preservation in Boulder City, what concerns or worries you the most? Choose as many as you would like. Answered: 145 Skipped: 24 Government overreach Loss of touristIME Loss of ou community.. Conflict wit my neighbor Financia responsibili.. My house.. not nice Meeting new people 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 1000/0 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Government overreach 59.31% 86 Loss of tourism 26.21% 38 Loss of our community history 62.07% 90 Conflict with my neighbors 19.31% 28 Financial responsibility of keeping up a historic home 55.17% 80 My house is not nice enough for historic designation 9.66% 14 Meeting new people 2.76% 4 Total Respondents: 145 79/80 66 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Boulder City Historic Preservation Plan Survey SurveyMonkey Q20 When you think about historic preservation in Boulder City, what makes you excited about your town? Choose as many as you would like. Answered 145 Skipped: 24 Learning abou lt Increase - ■ tourism More locals, and visitors.. • Possible : incentives t... : • Getting m home on the.. Working with my neighbors.. Meeting new people Protecting our historic hom... 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Learning about the history of my neighborhood and/or community 66.21% 96 Increase in tourism 57.93% 84 More locals and visitors learning about our history 69.66% 101 Possible incentives to work on my historic home 34.48% 50 Getting my home on the local historic register 11.72% 17 Working with my neighbors to get our neighborhood designated as a historic district 17.93% 26 Meeting new people 17.24% 25 Protecting our historic homes through mandatory design guidelines 51.72% 75 Total Respondents: 145 80/80 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION G% APPENDIX B HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMITTEE GOALS OBJECTIVE ACTION ITEM TENTATIVE TIMELINE 1. Develop a • Mission statement,proposed by HPC and presented to City Council would direct future activities regarding 07.01.19-10.30.19 mission Historic Preservation efforts in community statement 2. Develop a . Review BC 1998 Historic Preservation Plan 07.01.19- 06.30.20 Historic • Review Henderson's 2004 Historic Preservation Plan and other city's plans to identify similar goals, Preservation objectives,and tasks Plan for Boulder . Include goal-"Review&amend existing City codes and charter to achieve historic preservation goals City • Incorporate other Strategic Plan Goals and Strategies as appropriate into Historic Preservation Plan . Historic Preservation Committee(HPC)to review/comment on Historic Preservation Plan 3. Explore • Conduct a city-wide reconnaissance and/or intensive survey to identify historic and cultural places that are 02.15.19- 06.30.21 creating new historically significant Historic . Complete a city-wide historic context statement that expands from previous historic contexts(e.g.BC Preservation Historic District);develop a complete chronological history of the City of Boulder City up to the present Districts in • Complete appropriate City,State,and/or National Register Nomination Forms for historic and cultural places Boulder City • HPC to review/comment on inventories,historic context statement,and historic property nomination forms 4. Amend existing • Existing Chapter 11-27 Historic Resources 07.01.19-06.30.21 codes,and • Ordinance#1103(adopted Feb 22,2000 then repealed Mar 8,2005 by Ordinance#1243) programs to . Other codes that address Signage;Demolition&Demolition by Neglect;Blight&boarded-up buildings; achieve historic Landscaping:Building codes;New/infill construction;Zoning;RDA preservation • Update and/or draft additional illustrative guidelines or standards for existing or newly designated historic goals and to properties comply with • HPC to review/comment on code,charter amendments Amend City Code to create a new'Chapter 5- CLG and SOI Historic Preservation Commission',under'Title 3,Boards&Commissions,Chap 1-Definitions" Standards 5. Identify financial • Work with property owners,businesses,stakeholders,realtors,developers,landlords,Chamber of 07.01.19-06.30.20 incentives to Commerce,etc.to encourage use of financial incentives to promote the purchase and adaptive use of promote historic historic properties. preservation • HPC to review/comment on new RDA grant program and guidance prior to submission to City Council 6. Promote • Prepare a white paper on economic development benefits of historic districts 07.01.19-06.30.22 economic • Develop a marketing campaign that highlights BC unique historic assets development • HPC to review/comment on white paper and marketing campaign prior to submission to City Council through historic preservation HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMITTEE GOALS 7. Develop an I • HPC continues to work with partners(Museum,Art Guild,Chamber of Commerce,businesses,residents, 07.01.22-06.30.24 educational etc.)regarding HPC-related events campaign that . HPC continues to prepare annual Historic Preservation Day event in May which can involve workshops, promotes speakers,tours,etc. historic Boulder • HPS continues to oversee annual Historic Preservation Award program in May City and • HPC to review/comment on educational campaign prior to submission to City Council encourages historic preservation 8. Identify historic • Complete Stantec Study that evaluates City needs for City owned historic buildings 01.05.19-01.05.24 buildings to • Research successful examples of adaptive reuse of historic buildings repurpose and reuse as appropriate for a given area BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 69 APPENDIX C Boulder City Historic Preservation Ordinances and Resolutions 11/26/1991 — Resolution no. 2054:Adoption of the 1991 Master Plan for the community pursuant to NRS 278.220 02/13/1996 — Resolution no. 2681: Resolution of the City Council of Boulder City, NV, establishing a historic district preservation plan study committee. 2/24/2000- Ordinance no. 1103:An ordinance amending Title 11 by adding a new chapter 27 entitled, "Historic Preservation" (AM-99-234). 12/09/2003— Resolution 4234: Resolution of the City Council of Boulder City, Nevada, to approve the request to repeal and replace the 1991 Master Plan as amended with the 2003 Master Plan. 3/30/2005— Ordinance no. 1243:An ordinance amending Title 11 (Zoning and Subdivisions) to repeal of Chapter 27 'Historic Preservation' (AM-05-258) 07/19/2006— Ordinance no. 1295:An ordinance by the City of Boulder City, to amend Title 11 Zoning, by adopting Chapter 11-27, Historic Resources 9/13/2007— Ordinance no. 1338: An ordinance of the City of Boulder City, to amend Chapter 27 of Title 11, Zoning and Subdivisions, to change the meeting date of the historic preservation committee (AM-07-273) 12/04/2008— Ordinance no. 1369: An ordinance of the City of Boulder City to repeal and replace Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code, Historic Resources, based on a recommendation from the Historic Preservation Committee (AM-08-279) 2008— 2008 Community Historic Preservation Survey, relative to possible future amendments to Chapter 11-27 of the City Code, 'Historic Resources' 12/16/2011 — Ordinance no. 1470:An ordinance of the City of Boulder City, Nevada, to amend Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code for minor updates to the Historic Resources Chapter (AM- 11-297) 10/20/2016— Ordinance no. 1572:An ordinance of the City of Boulder City, Nevada, to re-adopt Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code, Historic Resources, as per NRS requirements, including the boundaries of the federally established Boulder City Historic District (AM-16-328) 7C BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 03/21/2019— Ordinance no. 1622:An ordinance of the City of Boulder City, Nevada, to amend Title 11, Chapter 27 of the City Code, Historic Resources, for changes relative to the Certified Local Government Program (AM-19-338) 7/9/2019 - Resolution no.6963: Resolution of the City Council of Boulder City, Nevada, approving agreement no. 19-1827 between the City of Boulder City and Nevada State Historic Preservation Office for Certified Local Government designation. 10/13/2020- Resolution no.7167: Resolution of the City Council of Boulder City, Nevada, establishing an Ad Hoc committee to recommend changes to City Code, Title 11, Chapter 27 Historic Resources NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 71 APPENDIX D Nevada State Historic Preservation Model Historic Preservation Ordinance The drafted ordinance below is prepared as a recommendation for Cities and Counties in the State of Nevada that wish to establish historic preservation programs consistent with established state enabling legislation (NRS 278 and 384). Different local governments in the State of Nevada will have different needs and expectations for an historic preservation program and will likely need to adapt the recommended language below to suit individual needs. Local governments seeking to establish an historic preservation program for the purposes of becoming a Certified Local Government(CLG) should contact the CLG Coordinator at the Nevada SHPO to ensure any proposed or adopted historic preservation ordinance is consistent with the certification requirements of that program. Key Text Required for CLG Status (highlighted) Text Recommended for Successful Operation (not highlighted) Note:Although language below is oriented toward municipal governments, a county government could adopt such an ordinance with appropriate textual modifications. Notes for Rural Cities or Counties Rural areas, especially rural counties, may find that adopting some provisions included in this model ordinance are not feasible within their current administrative framework. Rural local governments wishing to become CLGs should consult with the CLG coordinator about developing a sustainable preservation ordinance that fits their area's needs. Local government representatives may want to consider the following: • Current administrative framework for development permitting- Where a local government needs more flexibility in its development code, the adoption of a design review program overseen by its historic preservation commission may not be feasible. To become a CLG, a local government must, at minimum, adopt the highlighted provisions in this model ordinance. Variations on language may be acceptable—a local government should discuss variations with the Nevada SHPO's CLG Coordinator. • Economic environment—In areas where there are large numbers of low-income residents residing in historic buildings, provisions such as minimum maintenance standards (see Section 9)may not be advisable. In this potential environment, a minimum maintenance standard, without the provision of alternative financial support, may have unintended adverse effects on area residents. EG U: DCP C 'Y H 7OP'C PPCSCRV/>T N PL Arc ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE FOR THE CITY OF IN THE STATE OF NEVADA, TO BE KNOWN AS CHAPTER , "HISTORIC PRESERVATION CODE"; PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION Commission; PROVIDING FOR DUTIES AND FUNDING FOR THE SAID Commission; PROVIDING THAT THIS ORDINANCE SHALL BE IN FULL FORCE AND EFFECT FROM AND AFTER ITS PASSAGE,APPROVAL,AND PUBLICATION ACCORDING TO LAW. WHEREAS, Chapters 278 and 384 of the Nevada Revised Statutes empowers cities and counties to make provisions for the identification and preservation of historic sites; and, WHEREAS,the City Council of the City of deems it in the best interest of the community to establish a historic preservation ordinance; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE MAYOR AND COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF THAT A NEW CHAPTER BE, AND THE SAME HEREBY IS, ENACTED TO BE DESIGNATED AS CHAPTER , THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION CODE, OF THE ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF , WHICH SHALL READ AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1 PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to establish historic areas and landmarks for the educational, cultural, and economic benefit of city inhabitants. Due to the pressures resulting from population growth and development, which may result in the destruction, impairment, or alteration of historic resources that reflect elements of the city's cultural and architectural heritage, the following policies and responsibilities are established: (a) protect and enhance the landmarks and districts which represent distinctive elements of 's historic, architectural, and cultural heritage;Preserve, protect, enhance, regulate, and use buildings, structures, sites, and areas which are unique or irreplaceable assets to the city and its neighborhoods, which provide examples of the physical surroundings in which past generations lived, or which are archaeologically significant for present and future generations; (b) foster civic pride in the accomplishments of the past; (c) protect and enhance 's attractiveness to visitors and the support and stimulus to the economy thereby provided; (d) ensure the harmonious, orderly, and efficient growth and development of the city that is sensitive to its historic resources; (e) promote economic prosperity and welfare of the community by encouraging the most appropriate use of historic properties within the city; (f) encourage stabilization,restoration, and improvements of such properties and their values by offering incentives for rehabilitation. 2 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 73 SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS The following words and phrases when used in this Ordinance shall have, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the following meanings: City. The City of Commission. The Historic Preservation Commission of the City of Historic Property. Any building, structure, district, area or site that is significant in the history, architecture, archaeology or culture of this community, the state or the nation. Designated Historic Property. In order for any historic property to be designated in the ordinance, it must in addition meet the criteria established for inclusion of the property in the National Register of Historic Places. Historic Preservation. The identification, evaluation, recordation, documentation, curation, acquisition, management, protection, restoration, rehabilitation, stabilization, maintenance, interpretation, conservation, and education of buildings, structures, objects, districts, areas, and sites significant in the history, architecture, archaeology or culture of this state, its communities or the Nation. SECTION 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION (a) There is hereby created a Historic Preservation Commission which shall consist of## members who shall be appointed by the Mayor with the advice and consent of the Council. (b) All members of the Commission shall have a demonstrated interest, competence, or knowledge in history or historic preservation. The Council shall appoint [llli] members with professional training or experience in the disciplines of architecture, history, architectural history, urban planning, archaeology, engineering, conservation, landscape architecture, law, or other historic preservation related disciplines. (c) Initial appointments to the Commission shall be made as follows: Half of appointed Commissioners shall serve for one-year terms and half for two-year terms, except as otherwise established by Council. All subsequent appointments shall be made for two-year terms. Commission members may be reappointed to serve additional terms. Vacancies shall be filled in the same manner as original appointments and the appointee shall serve for the remainder of the unexpired term. (d) The members of the Commission may be reimbursed by the City for expenses incurred in connection with their duties. 3 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN SECTION 4 ORGANIZATION, OFFICERS, RULES, MEETINGS (a) The Commission shall have the power to make whatever rules are necessary for the execution of its duties as set forth in this Ordinance. Rules of procedure and bylaws adopted by the Commission shall be available for public inspection. (b) The Commission shall elect officers from among the Commission members. The chairperson shall preside at meetings of the Commission. The vice-chairperson shall, lacking the chairperson, perform the duties of the chairperson. (c) All meetings of the Commission shall be open to the public, and follow the requirements of Nevada's open meeting laws (NRS 241). The Commission shall keep minutes and other appropriate written records of its resolutions, proceedings, and actions. (d) The Commission may recommend to the Council, within the limits of its funding, the employment of or the contracting with other parties for the services of technical experts or other persons as it deems necessary to carry on the functions of the Commission. SECTION 5 POWERS, DUTIES, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE COMMISSION In general, the Commission shall be advisory to the Council and shall be authorized to: (a) Conduct a survey of local historic properties. (b) Recommend the acquisition of fee and lesser interests in historic properties, including adjacent or associated lands, by purchase, bequest, or donation. (c) Recommend methods and procedures necessary to preserve, restore, maintain and operate historic properties under the ownership or control of the City. (d) Recommend the lease, sale, or other transfer or disposition of historic properties subject to rights of public access and other covenants and in a manner that will preserve the property. (e) Contract, with the approval of the Council, with the state or federal government, or any agency of either, or with any other organization. (f) Cooperate with the federal, state, and local governments in the pursuance of the objectives of historic preservation. (g) Make recommendations in the planning processes undertaken by the county, the city, the state, or the federal government and the agencies of these entities. (h) Recommend ordinances and otherwise provide information for the purposes of historic preservation in the City. 4 r.r,t- tA -�. .F ��V'Al t n: rC. h: I. N (i) Promote and conduct an educational and interpretive program on historic preservation and historic properties in the City. (j) Commission members, employees or agents of the Commission may enter private property, buildings, or structures in the performance of its official duties only with the express consent of the owner or occupant thereof. (k) Review nominations of properties to the National Register of Historic Places for properties within the City's jurisdiction. SECTION 6 PROCEDURES FOR LANDMARK OR HISTORIC DISTRICT RECOMMENDATION (a) Generally. The City Council may designate landmarks and historic districts in the City to accomplish the purposes of this article. In making such designations, the Council shall consider the recommendation of the Historic Preservation Commission. (b) Public Hearing. The Council shall conduct a public hearing on such historic designations according to public hearing procedures described in this chapter, and NRS 278 and 384. (c) Recommendation by the Historic Preservation Commission. In general, the Council will not schedule a public hearing for historic designation until the nomination for such designation is reviewed and approved by the Commission. 1. Public Hearing. The Commission shall conduct a public hearing on all recommendations of landmarks, landmark sites, or historic districts. 2. Initiation of Process. A Commission member, the owner of the property, or any Council member may initiate consideration by the Commission of the recommendation of any site as a Landmark or Historic District in writing. The decision to conduct a public hearing shall be approved or denied by a majority of the Commission present. a) If a request for recommendation is approved for a public hearing upon the request of someone other than the owner of the property, notice of the proposed recommendation shall be mailed by certified mail to the owner of the property. Such notice shall describe the property affected and provide notice of the date, time, and place at which a hearing before the Commission shall be conducted. b) The hearing shall be not less than 30 days following the mailing of notice to the owner. 3. Recommendations on Landmarks and Historic Districts. At the conclusion of the public hearing, the Commission shall recommend to the Council the designation of a 5 PC DER CIT! H'STOP1C PRESERVATION P!.AN Landmark or Historic District if such resource or collection of resources under the following guidelines: a) An individual Landmark may be designated if it is at least fifty(50) years old and it substantially complies with two or more of the following: i. Possesses significance in history, architecture, archeology, and culture. ii. Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local,regional, state, or national history. iii. Is associated with events that have made a significant impact in our past. iv. Represents the work of a master designer,builder, or craftsman. v. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction. vi. Represents an established and familiar visual feature of the city. b) A District may be designated if it substantially complies with both of the following: vii. Contains properties and an environmental setting which meet two or more of the criteria for designation of a Landmark, and; viii. Constitutes a distinct section of the city. 4. Recommended Waivers. The Commission's recommendation to the Council may include recommendations for exceptions from provisions of this Code. The Commission in its recommendation shall describe the reasons for the decision and provide written notice of the decision to the property owner within ten days of the hearing. The Commission shall forward its recommendation to the Council. 5. National Register Designation. Inclusion of any area or property within the City in the National Register of Historic Places, as provided in the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, shall not be construed as a local historic designation, and shall not automatically subject a property owner to the provisions of this chapter. (d) Economic Incentives. The Council, at its discretion, may make available economic incentives to enhance the possibility of designation as an historic landmark or district. The Council is further empowered to receive private or public grants that would enhance historic preservation. (e) Code Waivers. The Council shall also be empowered to designate items for "community significance waivers." Upon the recommendation of the Commission, waivers to provisions of this Code may be granted by the Council, including but not limited to setback and height restrictions that would otherwise require the facades, historic landmarks, or structures within historic districts to be altered. Such a waiver may also exempt square footage, animation, and prohibitions or any other Code provision as indicated by the city Council. At Council's discretion, designation of community significance waivers may occur any time after the Commission has recommended Landmark or Historic District status for any item. The Council may award such designation without further review by the Commission, and without public hearing. 6 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 77 (f) Waiver Criteria. The criteria for such designation shall be that the waiver is necessary to preserve the historic character or significance of the affected site. The protections and guidelines emanating from such designation shall be identical to those for Historic Landmarks or Districts, and shall expire at the time the use that created the historical character of the item changes or ceases. Owners or managers of property containing items with community significance waivers shall paint, repair, and otherwise refurbish the items to keep them in good repair and working order. Failure to maintain the item may cause a rescission of the waiver designation. (g) Amendments. The Council may also amend or rescind its designation of any historic landmark, district, or community significance waiver. The Commission's recommendation for such amendment or rescission of historic designation shall be effected in the same manner and procedure as was followed in the original designation, including a public hearing. SECTION 7 CERTIFICATES OF APPROPRIATENESS FOR ALTERATIONS OR NEW CONSTRUCTION AFFECTING LANDMARKS OR HISTORIC DISTRICTS (a) Applicability. No person shall carry out any construction,reconstruction, alteration, restoration, rehabilitation, or relocation of any Landmark or any property within a District, nor shall any person make any material change to the character-defining features of the property, or other exterior elements visible from a public right-of-way which affect the appearance and cohesiveness of any Landmark or any property within a District without a Certificate of Appropriateness (CoA). The application for a CoA must be reviewed and approved by the Historic Preservation Officer(HPO) or the Commission prior to the issuance of any building permit involving any Landmark or property located within a District. The application shall be required in addition to, and not in lieu of, any required building permit. (b) Review Criteria. In considering an application for a Certificate of Appropriateness, the HPO and the Commission shall review it for compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Treatment of Historic Properties (the Standards) and any applicable adopted Design Guidelines previously ratified by the City Council. The Standards and any applicable adopted Design Guidelines shall apply to all properties designated as an Historic District or Historic Landmark by the Council. All review criteria shall be made available to the applicant, and property owners of Landmarks and properties located within Districts. The Commission shall promulgate and make recommendations to update the adopted Design Guidelines as necessary, provided that the changes do not pose a conflict with underlying land-use zoning and the changes do not take effect until ratified by Council. (c) Procedure for Review. The procedure for obtaining a Certificate of Appropriateness may be initiated by the City for all City-owned Landmarks or proposed work within a District, or by the individual property owner(s) of the subject Landmark or for a property located within a District. The application must be submitted for reviewed and approved by the HPO or the Commission prior to the commencement of any work. An application for Certificate of Appropriateness shall be made on forms as prescribed by the City and shall be filed with the HPO along with fees in accordance with the municipal fee schedule, if applicable. 7 ROUT PCP C!i V HISTORIC PRESERVATION PI AN 1. Administrative design review affecting Landmarks and properties located in Districts. a. Upon receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness application as determined by the HPO, the HPO shall review the application for a preliminary determination of compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and the adopted Design Guidelines. The applicant is encouraged to schedule a meeting with the HPO prior to the submittal of an application to discuss the proposed work and get initial design direction. The HPO reserves the right to forward any Certificate of Appropriateness application to the Commission for review and approval when direction on design policy is needed or if unable to determine compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation or the Design Guidelines. Proposed work to all city-owned Landmarks, all proposed work within a District, and for all city preservation related incentive programs or federal projects must be reviewed by the Commission. b. Within five (5) days of receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness application and a preliminary determination of compliance, notice of the pending administrative action shall be mailed to the property owner(s), to all immediate adjacent property owner(s), and posted on the property by the city establishing a fourteen (14) day period in which written comments may be submitted to the HPO. c. At the end of the notice period, the HPO shall meet with the Chair of the Commission to review the application and any comments received for design compliance consensus. If approved, the HPO shall issue a Certificate of Appropriateness consisting of written findings of fact, conclusions of law and any specific conditions of approval (if any), supporting the decision. The HPO shall also provide anyone who submitted written comments with a copy and forward its decision to the Development Services Department. Any specific conditions of approval as identified by the HPO shall be attached to the construction documents prior to the issuance of any building permits. No subsequent changes shall be made to the approved design without the prior review and approval of the HPO. An applicant shall have one (1) year from the date of issuance of a Certificate of Appropriateness to secure a building permit for the specified improvements or it shall become null and void. d. If the HPO and Chair of the Commission finds the proposed work will have an Adverse Effect on the Landmark, or property located within a District, or if the proposed work is inconsistent with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation or adopted Design Guidelines, the HPO shall advise the applicant and any written commenter of the disapproval of the application and of any changes to the application which are necessary for approval of same. A Certificate of Appropriateness application that has been denied administratively may not be resubmitted without incorporating changes to the application which are necessary for approval of the same. 8 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION e. If no action has been taken by the HPO within sixty(60) days of the original receipt of the application, a Certificate of Appropriateness shall be deemed issued by the HPO and the HPO shall so advise the applicant in writing. f. The applicant or any persons adversely affected by the determination of the HPO may appeal the decision to the Commission. Appeal requests shall be filed in writing to the HPO within ten (10) days of the HPO's decision. The HPO must schedule the appeal for a public hearing at the next available regularly scheduled Commission meeting. Notice of the appeal shall be posted on the property for a period of fourteen (14) days upon receipt of a 17 formal appeal request. A written notice of the public hearing for the appeal request shall also be provided to all parties who received mailed notice for the original HPO's preliminary determination. Appeals to the Commission shall be considered only on the record made before the HPO. 2. Commission design review affecting Landmarks and properties located in Districts. a. Upon receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness application as determined by the HPO, the HPO shall review the application for a preliminary determination of compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and any applicable adopted Design Guidelines. The applicant is encouraged to schedule a meeting with the HPO prior to the submittal of an application to discuss the proposed work and get initial design direction. b. Within five (5) days of receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness and a preliminary determination of compliance, the HPO shall schedule a public hearing at the next available regularly scheduled Commission meeting. Notice of the pending Commission hearing for compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and any adopted Design Guidelines shall be mailed to the property owner(s), to all immediate adjacent property owner(s), and posted on the property by the city establishing a fourteen (14) day period in which written comments may be submitted to the HPO. A published notice of the scheduled hearing shall also be made in accordance with Nevada Open Meeting Law. All review criteria shall be made available to the applicant prior to the hearing. c. The Commission shall review the application at a regularly scheduled meeting. At that time, the applicant shall have an opportunity to be heard, present testimony and evidence to demonstrate that the proposed work is in compliance with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and any adopted Design Guidelines. Other interested parties and technical experts may also present testimony or documentary evidence which will become part of a record. The burden of proof shall be upon the applicant. In the event a hearing is not scheduled within ninety (90) days of receipt of the application, a Certificate of Appropriateness shall be considered be granted. d. The Commission may take action to approve, postpone requesting additional information, or deny the application. If no hearing has been scheduled within 9 ROUI DER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN ninety(90) days of the original receipt of the application by the HPO, a Certificate of Appropriateness shall be deemed issued and the HPO shall so advise the applicant in writing. e. If approved, the HPO shall issue a Certificate of Appropriateness to the applicant with the written findings of fact, conclusions of law and any specific conditions of approval (if any) supporting the decision. The HPO shall also provide anyone who submitted written comments with a copy and forward the Commission's decision to the [appropriate City department]. Any specific conditions of approval made by the Commission shall be attached to the construction documents prior to the issuance of any building permits. No subsequent changes shall be made to the approved design without the prior review and approval of the HPO or Commission. An applicant shall have one (1) year from the date of issuance of a Certificate of Appropriateness to secure a building permit for the specified improvements or it shall become null and void. f. If the Commission finds the proposed work will have an Adverse Effect on the Landmark, or property located within a District, or if the proposed work is inconsistent with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation or any applicable adopted Design Guidelines, the Commission shall advise the applicant at the hearing of the disapproval of the application and of any changes to the application which are necessary to approval of the same. Within five (5) days following the meeting, the HPO shall provide the applicant and any written commenter noticing in writing of the disapproval of the application and of any changes to the application which are necessary for approval of the same. A Certificate of Appropriateness application that has been denied may not be resubmitted without incorporating changes to the application which are necessary for approval of the same. g. The applicant or any persons adversely affected by the action of the Commission may appeal the decision to the City Council. Appeal requests shall be filed in writing to the HPO within ten (10) days of the Commission's decision. The HPO must schedule the appeal for a public hearing at the next available regularly scheduled Council meeting. Notice of the appeal shall be posted on the property for a period of fourteen(14) days upon receipt of a formal appeal request. A written notice of the public hearing for the appeal request shall also be provided to all parties who received mailed notice for the Commission hearing. h. The City Council shall give notice, follow publication procedure,hold hearings, and make its decision in the same manner as provided in the general zoning ordinance of the City. Appeals to the City Council shall be considered only on the record made before the Commission, and may only allege that the Commission's decision was arbitrary, capricious, or illegal. (d) Ordinary Maintenance. Nothing in this ordinance shall be construed to prevent the ordinary maintenance and repair of any exterior architectural feature of a landmark or property within a Historic District which does not involve a change in design, material, or outward appearance that require the issuance of a building permit. In-kind repair/replacement and repainting is included in this definition of ordinary maintenance unless painting involves an 10 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION exterior masonry surface that was not previously painted. The HPO shall determine what actions constitute "ordinary maintenance." SECTION 8 DEMOLITION OF LANDMARKS AND CONTRIBUTING PROPERTIES IN HISTORIC DISTRICTS It is the intent of this chapter to preserve the historic and architectural resources of the City through limitations on demolition and removal of Landmarks and contributing resources in Historic Districts to the extent it is economically feasible practical and necessary. The demolition or removal of historic buildings structures and sites in the City diminishes the character of the city's Historic Districts and it is strongly discouraged. Instead the City recommends and supports preservation rehabilitation or relocation within the historic district. It is recognized however that structural deterioration, economic hardship and other factors not entirely within the control of the property owner may result in the necessary demolition or removal of a historic building structure or site. (a) Removal or repair of hazardous or dangerous Landmarks. 1. If the building official determines a Landmark to be structurally unsound and a hazardous or dangerous building pursuant to the provisions found in the City's adopted building code,the building official shall be required to provide written notice to the Commission of the ordered removal or repair of the Landmark prior to taking such action. 2. The property owner(s) of the demolished Landmark removed under this procedure is subject to the penalties found in Section 10 herein. (b) Certificates of Appropriateness for Demolition Affecting Landmarks or Historic Districts. No person shall carry out the demolition of a Landmark or property within a District, including secondary buildings and landscape features that are not previously deemed a hazardous or dangerous building by the building official, without the review and approval of a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition application by the Commission. The application shall be required in addition to, and not in lieu of, any required building permit. 1. In the absence of a determination by the building official of the subject property as a hazardous or dangerous building, the Commission may consider an application for a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition of a Landmark or property located within a District, only if it meets compliance with one of the following: a) The subject building, structure or object is an accessory building and/or landscape features that is not integral to the historic interpretation or integrity of the Landmark. b) The applicant is requesting a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition of a Landmark on the basis of Economic Hardship pursuant to paragraph (c)(4) of this section. c) The subject building, structure or object has lost its architectural significance and integrity over time for reasons not entirely within the control of the current or previous property owner(s). 11 PC, DER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION Pt AN (c) Procedure for Certificates of Appropriateness for Demolition Affecting Landmarks or Historic Districts. The procedure for obtaining a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition may be initiated by the City for all City-owned Landmarks or proposed work within a District, or by the individual property owner(s) of the subject Landmark or property within a District. The application must be submitted to the HPO for review and approval by the Commission prior to the commencement of any work. An application for Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition shall be made on forms as prescribed by the City and shall be filed with the HPO. 1. The application shall contain: a) Name, address, and contact information of applicant, and physical address of the individual property. b) Site plan of the individual property or map indicating the area of the proposed demolition showing all affected buildings and/or structures on the site. c) Photographs of existing conditions as well as any historical photographs, if available. d) All future development plans for the property, if available. e) Any other information which the Commission may deem necessary pursuant to this section. 2. An individual property that is under review by the City for a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition shall be protected by and subject to all of the provisions of this Article governing demolition,minimum maintenance standards and penalties until a final decision by the Commission becomes effective. 3. The procedure for a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition shall be the same as provided for in Section 7 herein. 4. The procedure for a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition application involving a claim of Economic Hardship shall be as follows: a) No Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition involving a claim of economic hardship may be approved, nor shall a demolition permit be issued by the City unless the owner proves compliance with the following standards for economic hardship: 1. The property is incapable of earning a reasonable return in its current or rehabilitated state, regardless of whether that return represents the most profitable return possible. 2. The property cannot be adapted for any other use, whether by the current owner or by a purchaser, which would result in a reasonable return. 3. Earnest and reasonable efforts to find a purchaser interested in acquiring the property and preserving it have failed. 12 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION >. 4. The property cannot be moved or relocated to another, similar site or, for contributing properties within a District, to a new location within the District. b) The City shall adopt by resolution separate criteria for review in considering claims of economic hardship for investment for income producing and non- income producing properties, as recommended by the Commission. Non- income properties shall consist of owner occupied single family dwellings and non-income producing institutional properties. All standards for review shall be made available to the owner prior to the hearing. The information to be considered by the city may include but not be limited to the following: 1. Purchase date price and financing arrangements 2. Current market value 3. Form of ownership 4. Type of occupancy 5. Cost estimates of demolition and post demolition plans for development 6. Maintenance and operating costs 7. Inspection report by licensed architect or structural engineer having experience working with historic properties 8. Costs and engineering feasibility for rehabilitation 9. Property tax information 10. Rental rates and gross income from the property 11. Other additional information as deemed appropriate c) Claims of economic hardship by the owner shall not be based on conditions resulting from: 1. Evidence of demolition by neglect or other willful and negligent acts by the owner 2. Purchasing the property for substantially more than market value at the time of purchase 3. Failure to perform normal maintenance and repairs 4. Failure to diligently solicit and retain tenants 5. Failure to provide normal tenant improvements d) Throughout the process, the applicant shall consult in good faith with the HPO, local preservation groups and interested parties in a diligent effort to seek an alternative that will result in preservation of the property. Such efforts must be demonstrated to the Commission at the hearing. e) Upon receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition application, the HPO shall review the application for a preliminary 13 BOUt DER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN determination of compliance with the standards for economic hardship and the criteria for review found in this section. The applicant is encouraged to schedule a meeting with the HPO prior to the submittal of an application to discuss the application and receive initial direction. f) Within five (5) days of receipt of a completed Certificate of Appropriateness involving a claim of Economic Hardship and a preliminary determination of compliance, the HPO shall schedule a public hearing at the next available regularly scheduled Commission meeting. Notice of the pending Commission hearing for compliance with the standards for economic hardship and the criteria for review. Notice of the hearing shall be mailed to the property owner(s), to all immediate adjacent property owner(s), and posted on the property by the City. The owner shall be required to stabilize and secure the property subject to the penalties of this Article until a final decision by the Commission becomes effective. A published notice of the scheduled hearing shall also be made in accordance with Nevada Open Meeting Law (NRS 241). All review criteria and the formal written report to the HPO shall be made available to the applicant prior to the hearing. g) The Commission shall conduct its initial review of the application at a regularly scheduled meeting. At that time, the applicant shall have an opportunity to be heard, present testimony and evidence to demonstrate that standards for economic hardship and the criteria for review have been met. Other interested parties and technical experts may also present testimony or documentary evidence which will become part of the record. The burden of proof shall be upon the applicant. In the event the Commission does not act within ninety(90) days of receipt of the application, a Certificate of Appropriateness for Demolition may be granted. h) In considering the application, the Commission shall take action to postpone the application in order to establish a Stay of Demolition period, during which time the owner shall allow the city to post a sign stating that the property is subject to demolition. Said sign shall be readable from a point of public access and state that more information may be obtained from the HPO for the duration of the stay. The owner shall conduct in good faith with the City, local preservation organizations, and interested parties a diligent effort to seek an alternative that will result in the rehabilitation of the Landmark or contributing resource in a District. Negotiations may include, but are not limited to, such actions to utilize various preservation incentive programs, sell or lease the Landmark, or facilitate proceedings for the City to acquire the Landmark under its power of eminent domain, if appropriate and financially possible. If negotiations are successful, the Certificate for Demolition application shall be considered withdrawn and all associated applications closed. i) If approved, the HPO shall issue a Certificate of Appropriateness to the applicant with the written findings of fact, conclusions of law and any specific conditions of approval (if any) supporting the decision. The HPO shall also provide anyone who submitted written comments with a copy and 14 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION forward the Commission's decision to the [appropriate City department]. The approval shall be valid for one (1) year from the hearing date of the Commission's final decision. The historic property shall immediately be removed from the City's inventory of historic properties, any official public records of real property of[County name], and the official zoning maps of the City. 5. Prior to demolition, the City may as a condition of approval require the owner to provide documentation of the demolished historic property at the owner's expense in accordance with the standards of the Historic American Building Survey(HABS). Such documentation may include photographs, floor plans,measured drawings, an archeological survey, and/or other information as specified. 6. Approval for the demolition of a structure maybe conditioned upon the construction of an acceptable replacement structure, or landscape or park plan. A bond or other financial guaranty in the amount of the cost of the replacement structure may be required in order to assure the construction of the replacement structure, or park, or landscape plan. 7. Denial of a Certificate of Appropriateness application for Demolition involving Economic Hardship shall prevent the owner from demolishing the property or reapplying for another Certificate of Appropriateness application for Demolition for a period of three (3) years from the hearing date of the Commission's final decision, unless substantial changes in circumstances have occurred other than resale of the property or those caused by acts beyond the control of the owner. It shall be the responsibility of the owner to stabilize and maintain the minimum maintenance standards for the property so as not to create a hazardous or dangerous building, as outlined in Section 9 herein. a) The City may continue to provide the owner with information regarding financial assistance for the necessary rehabilitation or repair work as it becomes available. b) The owner may appeal the decision of the Commission to the City Council. Appeal requests shall be filed in writing to the HPO within ten (10) days of the Commission's decision. The City Council shall give notice, follow publication procedure,hold hearings, and make its decision in the same manner as provided in the general zoning ordinance of the City. Appeals to the City Council shall be considered only on the record made before the Commission, and may only allege that the Commission's decision was arbitrary, capricious, or illegal. SECTION 9 MINIMUM MAINTENANCE STANDARDS No owner or person with an interest in real property designated as a Landmark or a property located within a District shall permit the property to fall into a serious state of disrepair so as to result in the significant deterioration of any exterior architectural feature which would, in the judgment of the Commission, create a detrimental effect upon the historic character of the Landmark or District. 15 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN (a) Examples of serious disrepair or significant deterioration: 1. Deterioration of exterior walls, foundations, or other vertical support that causes leaning, sagging, splitting, listing, or buckling. 2. Deterioration of external chimneys that causes leaning, sagging, splitting, listing, or buckling. 3. Deterioration or crumbling of exterior plaster finishes, surfaces or mortars. 4. Ineffective waterproofing of exterior walls,roofs, and foundations, including broken windows or doors. 5. Defective protection or lack of weather protection for exterior wall and roof coverings, including lack of paint, or weathering due to lack of paint or other protective covering. 6. Rotting,holes, and other forms of material decay. 7. Deterioration of exterior stairs,porches,handrails, window and door frames, cornices, entablatures, wall facings, and architectural details that causes delamination, instability, loss of shape and form, or crumbling. 8. Deterioration that has a detrimental effect upon the special character of the district as a whole or the unique attributes and character of the contributing structure. 9. Deterioration of any exterior feature so as to create or permit the creation of any hazardous or unsafe conditions to life, health, or other property. (b) Procedure to mitigate Demolition by Neglect. Demolition by Neglect refers to the gradual deterioration of a property when routine or minimum maintenance is not performed. The HPO and other City staff shall work together in an effort to reduce Demolition by Neglect involving Landmarks or properties located within Districts within the City. A Demolition by Neglect citation as determined by the Commission may be issued against the owner of the property for failure to comply with the minimum maintenance standards by permitting the subject property to exhibit serious disrepair or significant deterioration as outlined in paragraph(a) of this section. 1. While the HPO will act as the point of contact,the [appropriate City department] staff shall, when needed, assist with inspections. If there is a dispute between the HPO and [appropriate City department] staff,the City Manager may be consulted as a mitigating party. 2. The procedure for citing a property for Demolition by Neglect shall be as follows: a) Initial identification is made by visual inspection of the area by the HPO, a Commission member, or by referral from someone in the area. All referrals shall be made in writing and shall be submitted to the HPO. i. Once the initial identification is made, followed by a preliminary determination by the HPO, the property owner shall be notified by US mail of the defects of the building and informed of various incentive programs that may be available for repair. The owner is given thirty (30) days in which to respond to the preliminary determination by 16 NFVADA PRFSFRVATION FOUNDATION submitting a stabilization proposal to HPO. The stabilization proposal will be presented to the Commission at the next available meeting. If the Commission approves the proposal, a Certificate of Appropriateness (if necessary)may be issued administratively by the HPO. The approval will detail the specific work which is necessary to correct the Demolition by Neglect conditions, as well as a time period to begin and complete the work. The HPO shall update the Commission on the status of the property every thirty(30) days once work begins on the property. ii. If the property owner receives the letter regarding the preliminary determination,but fails to respond, a second notice shall be sent in the same manner as described above. iii. If the property owner fails to receive and/or respond to the letter regarding the preliminary determination after two (2)attempts, the matter returns to the Commission for a citation hearing. The HPO shall send a third notice via certified mail informing the owner of the hearing,the property is posted with a notice of the violation in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, and a public hearing on the citation is scheduled. iv. At the public hearing the owner is invited to address the Commission's concerns and to show cause why a citation should not be issued. The Commission may take action to approve any proposed work, defer the matter to give the owner more time either to correct the deficiencies or make a proposal for stabilization, or issue a citation to the owner of the property for failure to correct the Demolition by Neglect conditions. v. If the owner is cited for the condition of Demolition by Neglect of the property, he is given fourteen (14) days to submit a stabilization proposal to the HPO, and at the discretion of the Commission, up to one (1) year to correct the defects. The HPO shall update the Commission on the status of the property every thirty(30) days once work begins on the property. vi. If the owner does respond with a stabilization proposal,the matter is turned over to the City Attorney's office for action in Municipal Court. SECTION 10 ENFORCEMENT All work performed pursuant to a certificate of appropriateness issued under this ordinance shall conform to any requirements included therein. It shall be the duty of the building inspector to inspect periodically any such work to assure compliance. In the event work is not being performed in accordance with the certificate of appropriateness, or upon notification of such fact by the Commission and verification by the HPO,the building inspector shall issue a stop work order and all work shall immediately cease. The property owner shall then be required to apply for a hearing before the Commission to explain the non-compliance.No further work shall be 17 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN undertaken on the project as long as a stop work is in effect until a decision is rendered by the Commission on the application. (a) Penalties. It shall be unlawful to construct reconstruct significantly alter restore or demolish any building or structure designated as a Landmark or in a designated District in violation of the provisions of this Article. The City in addition to other remedies may institute any appropriate action or proceeding to prevent such unlawful construction reconstruction significant alteration or demolition to restrain correct or abate such violation or to prevent any illegal act business or maintenance in and about such premises including acquisition of the property 1. Any person firm or corporation violating any provision of this division shall be fined $500 for each offense. Each day the violation continues shall be considered a separate offense. Such remedy under this section is in addition to the abatement restitution. SECTION 11 SPECIAL RESTRICTIONS: Under the provisions of Nevada Revised Statutes, Chapters 278 and 384, the City of may provide by ordinances, special conditions or restrictions for the protection, enhancement and preservation of locally designated historic properties. SECTION 12 SEPARABILITY: If any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase or portion of this Ordinance is for any reason held invalid or unconstitutional by any court of competent jurisdiction, such portion shall be deemed a separate, distinct, and independent provision, and such holding shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions hereof. SECTION 13 EFFECTIVE DATE: This Ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage, approval and publication according to law. PASSED AND APPROVED this day of 20 . City of , a municipal corporation of the State of Nevada. BY: Mayor ATTESTED: City Clerk PUBLISHED: 18 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION APPENDIX E Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties The following links contain more information on the National Park Service, Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, including a PDF document of the standards and guidelines for preserving, rehabilitating, restoring, and reconstructing historic buildings. https://www.nps.govjtps/standards.htm https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/treatment-guidelines-2017.pdf 90 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN APPENDIX F 33708 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR professionally credible historic Historic Preservation Professional preservation work. Qualification Standards National Park Service The Standards are not designed to Archeology The Secretaryof the Interior's Historic identify the best or ideal person for any (A)Prehistoric iss istorircheology Archeology position.The effective application of Preservation Professional Qualification any of these national Standards will Architectural HistoryConservation Standards require the development of a detailed Cultural Anthropology AGENCY:National Park Service,DOI. job description containing additional Curation ACTION:Proposed renaming of and information to suit a particular situation Engineering kl revisions to"the Secretary of the and need.These Standards do not apply Historic Architecture to"entry-level"applicants or to Interior's Professional Qualification preeminent professionals in the field. Historic Landscape Architecture Standards." Rather,theyoutline the minimum Historic Preservation Planning Historic Preservation SUMMARY:The National Park Service education and experience and products History (NPS)proposes to rename and revise that together provide an assurance that Sources of Additional Information "the Secretary of the Interior's the applicant,employee,consultant,or Professional Organizations Professional Qualification Standards" advisor will be able to perform Introduction which are part of the larger"Secretary competently on the job and be respected of the Interior's Standards and within the larger historic preservation Background Guidelines for Archeology and Historic community. The identification,evaluation, Preservation."The statutory authority All responses to this notice will be protection,and preservation of for the Secretary's development of these summarized as part of the publication of America's important historic and can be found in sections 101(g), 101(h), the official issuance of the"Secretary's cultural properties depends upon the 101(i),and 101(j)(2)(A)of the National Historic Preservation Professional participation of all citizens;however, Historic Preservation Act,as amended Qualification Standards."All comments certain decisions must involve (16 U.S.C.470 et seq.).These Standards will also become a matter of public individuals who meet nationally and Guidelines(including the record. accepted professional standards in order Professional Qualification Standards) DATES:Comments on this notice must be to assure credibility in the practice of were published in the Federal Register received by August 19, 1997 to be historic preservation at the Federal, in 1983(48 FR 44716,September 29)as assured of consideration. State,and local levels,as well as in the the Secretary's best guidance for historic ADDRESSES:Send comments to:Mr.Joe private sector. preservation practice nationally.This Wallis,Chief,Branch of State,Tribal, The Secretary of the Interior is remains their preeminent function. and Local Programs,Heritage responsible for establishing standards The Standards are renamed"the Preservation Services,National Center for all programs under Departmental Secretary of the Interior's Historic for Cultural Resource Stewardship and authority.In accordance with this Preservation Professional Qualification Partnership Programs,National Park responsibility,"the Secretary of the Standards."This change reflects the fact Service,U.S.Department of the Interior, Interior's Professional Qualification that the Standards are designed to apply 1849 C Street,NW.,Washington,DC Standards"were developed by the to each discipline as it is practiced in 20240.Comments may be hand- National Park Service(NPS)20 years historic preservation;e.g.,in the delivered or overnight mailed to 800 ago to ensure that a consistent level of identification,evaluation, North Capitol Street,NW.,Suite 200, expertise would be applied nationally to documentation,registration,and Washington,DC 20002.Comments may the identification,evaluation, treatment of historic properties. be sent by fax to 202-343-6004 or by E- documentation,registration,treatment, The proposed revisions update the mail to John_Renaud@nps.gov. and interpretation of historic and standards for the five disciplines FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:Mr. archeological resources. included in the 1983 publication and The National Historic Preservation add standards for seven other John Renaud,Branch of State,Tribal, Act of 1966 and Local Programs,Heritage (Pub.L.89-665)gave the disciplines mentioned in the National Preservation Services Division,National Secretary authority to set criteria for Historic Preservation Act as being State grants,surveys,and plans.The important to historic preservation.The Center for Cultural Resource National Park Service administratively revisions also provide(for the Stewardship and Partnership Programs, required State Historic Preservation proposed National Park Service,202-343-1055, q first time)published guidance on how FAX 202-343 6004 or Officers(SHPOs)to maintain to use and interpret the Standards. , professionally qualified staff(in 1976), These revisions are necessary because John_Renaud@nps.gov(E-mail). and to appoint qualified individuals as the old professional qualification SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: advisors to serve on State Review standards had become out-of-date,did Table of Contents—Applying the Historic Boards(in 1977).The professional not include many disciplines important Preservation Professional Qualification qualification standards have not in the practice of historic preservation, Standards: changed since then.The 1980 and provided no guidance on their use Introduction Amendments to the National Historic and interpretation.This absence of Program Evolution/Current Changes Preservation Act(Pub.L.96-515) national guidance led to confusion and Applicability statutorily affirmed the previous inconsistency in the application of the How to Use the Historic Preservation regulatory requirement for Standards by Federal,State,Tribal,and Qualification Standards professionally qualified staff.Congress local government agencies and other Questions and Answers also reiterated the regulation's organizations and individuals.The Discipline and Historic Preservation requirement that State Review Boards g Proficiencies Standards are designed to be a tool to Recommended Discipline Proficiencies include a majority of members qualified help recognize the minimum expertise Recommended Historic Preservation in one of the professional disciplines generally necessary for performing Proficiencies which met minimum Professional NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 91 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33709 Qualification Standards defined in Indian tribes in implementing the Qualification Standards"that follow regulation in 36 CFR part 61 National Historic Preservation Act. are,in most instances,advisory in (Architecture,Architectural History, Accordingly,the number of disciplines nature and may thus be used by anyone Prehistoric Archeology or Historic acknowledged as key to the responsible hiring personnel or consultants or Archeology,and History).In addition, practice of historic preservation has appointing advisory boards or the 1980 amendments created the been increased by the Act and therefore commissions.Because use of the Certified Local Government(CLG) by the National Park Service from the Standards can help ensure appropriate, program to recognize the role of local five identified almost 20 years earlier to informed decisions about protecting and governments in the national 12,now including Archeology preserving our nation's historic and partnership,and stipulated that the CLG (Prehistoric and Historic),Architectural archeological resources,NPS strongly Review Commission membership History,Conservation,Cultural encourages their adoption and needed to be adequate and qualified. Anthropology, Curation,Engineering, implementation. The Congressional Committee Report for Folklore,Historic Architecture,Historic However,under well-defined the 1980 amendments(H.R.Rept. 96- Landscape Architecture,Historic circumstances discussed below, "the 1457)called for"professional bodies Preservation,Historic Preservation Secretary's Historic Preservation which can objectively evaluate the Planning,and History. Professional Qualification Standards" historic significance of properties and As a result,NPS consulted at length are requirements by statute and provide professional advice on historic with Federal agencies,SHPOs, CLGs, regulation.In those instances,a note is preservation matters."Finally,States, and professional societies involved in added at the end of the required local governments,Federal agencies, historic preservation about issuing Standard. and the private sector often require that updated and expanded Professional First,the National Historic proposals from historic preservation Qualification Standards that recognize Preservation Act,Section 101,requires contractors or work submitted by them the evolution and development of the that a professionally qualified staff be meet these same professional practice disciplines in the field. appointed or employed by State Historic Standards. "The Secretary of the Interior's Preservation Offices.Indian tribes that How To use the Historic preservation Historic Preservation Professional have executed a Memorandum of professional qualification standards Qualification Standards"are designed Agreement with NPS and assumed provides background and general to be national measures for determining responsibilities pursuant to Section information in a question and answer minimum requirements for 101(d)of the Act also must employ or format about the three basic components professionals practicing in the field of consult with professionally qualified of each Standard:academic or historic preservation.The format for the individuals in carrying out those comparable training;professional Standards provides a consistent,yet responsibilities.The performance and experience;and products and activities flexible,framework for establishing supervision of Historic Preservation that demonstrate proficiency in the field sound professionalism in the twelve Fund grant-assisted work must be of historic preservation. disciplines.There is one Standard for performed and/or supervised by Discipline and historic preservation each of the disciplines. professionally qualified staff and/or proficiencies consists of a series of Each Standard defines: contractors.In accordance with 36 CFR general proficiencies(knowledge,skills, • Academic degrees or comparable part 61 and NPS policy,three of twelve and abilities)that are needed by historic training disciplines are required for State preservation program applicants, • Professional experience;and program staff and for staff of Tribes with employees,consultants,and advisors. • Products and activities that Section 101(d)status:History, The first set of proficiencies is related to demonstrate proficiency in historic Archeology,and Architectural History. disciplines;the second,to historic preservation. States and Tribes with 101(d)status may preservation. These Standards do not apply to propose an alternative minimum staff Following the standard for each "entry-level"applicants or to composition for NPS concurrence if discipline is guidance about meeting the preeminent professionals in the field. their historic resources,needs,or standard for that specific discipline, Rather,they outline the minimum circumstances would be better served or including a list of some of the most education and experience and products met.States and Tribes with 101(d) common"closely related fields"within that together provide an assurance that status are expected to obtain the academic degree programs;information the applicant,employee,consultant,or services of other qualified professionals on documenting professional advisor will be able to perform as needed for different types of experience;and a list of typical competently on the job and be respected resources. products and activities that may be used within the larger historic preservation Second,section 101(b)(1)(B)and to document acquired proficiencies in community.The effective application of section 301(12)of the Act requires that the field of historic preservation. any of these national Standards will a majority of State Review Board Finally,a list of Professional require the development of a detailed members be professionally qualified.As Organizations is included to assist users job description containing additional specified in 36 CFR part 61,this in obtaining additional information information to suit a particular situation majority must include,but need not be about the disciplines,college and and need. limited,to the required disciplines of university departments,and Note:In each discipline,the most common History,Archeology,and Architectural publications on the practice of each method of meeting that Professional History.One person may meet the discipline. Qualifications Standard is discussed first. Standards for more than one required Program Evolution/Current es Chang Less common alternatives follow.Typically, discipline. a graduate degree or professional license is Third,section 101(c)(1)(B)and section In its 1992 amendments to the Act listed first. 301(13)of the Act requires that State (Pub.L. 102-575), Congress recognized programs encourage CLG Review the evolution and growth of the Applicability Commissions to include individuals professional practice of historic It should be emphasized that the who are professionally qualified,to the preservation,and an expanded role for "Historic Preservation Professional extent that such individuals are 92 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 33710 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices available in the community.The State standards;it is not directed at 6. How are these Standards to be may specify the minimum number of establishing professional qualification used?The Standards are designed to be Commission members that must meet requirements.It is section 112(a)(1)(B) a tool to help recognize the minimum the Standards and decide which,if any, that requires the Federal Office of expertise generally necessary for of the disciplines listed in the Standards Personnel Management(OPM)to devise performing professionally credible need to be represented on the professional qualification requirements historic preservation work.The Commission. for Federal employees and contractors Standards are not designed to identify An accompanying guidance section, in seven disciplines. OPM is required by the best or ideal person for any position Applying the Historic Preservation statute to consult with the National Park or the preeminent practitioners in any Professional Qualification Standards, Service(NPS)and others in creating discipline,nor are they developed to has been prepared to assist the these requirements.When completed, qualify apprentice or entry level consistent application of the"Historic NPS will offer the Professional workers.The Standards are designed to Preservation Professional Qualification Qualification Standards and Guidance describe the typical expertise held by Standards"when selecting an as its best advice to OPM for their use. credible mid-level journeymen working employee,consultant,or advisor.As 3.Are the Standards regulatory or are in historic preservation. such,the guidance provides additional they advisory?The Standards are not in 7.Do the Standards apply to "entry information and recommendations,but and of themselves regulatory.A separate level"or"technician"level positions? never constitutes a requirement. regulation or other official action which Although the work of"entry-level"or How To Use the Historic Preservation references or otherwise adopts part or "technician level"personnel is critical Professional Qualification Standards all of them is necessary to give any force to the success of historic preservation There are three basic components of to any language in the Standards.In a projects,these professional levels are p number of instances,this has occurred. not addressed in the Secretary's each Historic Preservation Professional For example,the Standards for Standards.The Standards apply only to Qualification Standard:academic Rehabilitation are regulatory in the the"journeyman"professional and degrees or comparable training; Federal Preservation Tax Incentives define the minimum level of expertise professional experience;and products program through 36 CFR part 67. necessary to provide reliable technical and activities that demonstrate opinions relating to historic properties proficiency in the field of historic Likewise,the Professional Qualification (without in-depth oversight or review A number of commonlyStandards are regulatory for States,local p g by preservation. historic preservation programs,and another professional in the discipline). asked questions about the design and participating tribes through 36 CFR part 8. Do Federal agencies have to meet content of the Standards,as well as their these Professional Qualification application and implementation,are 61.The guidance("Academic Standards?For Federal employees and answered below in order to assist Background"and"Documenting Federal contractors,the Historic anyone applying for a position or Professional Experience") Preservation Professional Qualification anyone charged with obtaining the accompanying the Professional Standards are regulatory only if they are services of a professional in the field of Qualification Standards is intended to specifically adopted by: (1)The Federal historic preservation. assist users in the application of the Office of Personnel Management(OPM) 1. Under what authority are these Standards;the guidance is not pursuant to its responsibility under Standards developed?"The Secretary of regulatory. Section 112(a)(1)(B)of the Act; (2)a the Interior's Historic Preservation 4.How were these Standards Federal agency in its own agency-wide Professional Qualification Standards developed?Who was consulted? regulations,requirements,or policy;or and Guidance"are part of the larger Consultation has been extensive over (3)a Federal agency as part of a program "Secretary of the Interior's Standards the four years of this project.The wide or project agreement with another party. and Guidelines for Archeology and range of constituents that use the 9. How are general Standards applied Historic Preservation."The statutory Standards dictates a broad consultation in specific situations?General standards authority for the Secretary's process,which,not surprisingly,results are intended to define minimum development of these can be found in in widely varying opinions and professional qualifications for sections 101(g), 101(h), 101(i),and recommendations.To date,NPS has identifying,evaluating,registering, 101(j)(2)(A)of the National Historic consulted with: (1)Federal,tribal,State, treating,and interpreting historic Preservation Act,as amended.These and local government historic properties nationwide;however,the Standards and Guidance(including the preservation programs as well as related best historic preservation professional Professional Qualification Standards) organizations; (2)professional societies for a particular office,program,project, were published in the Federal Register and organizations of professional or property depends upon the situation. in 1983 as the Secretary's best guidance societies;(3)academic programs in Different skills and expertise are needed for historic preservation practice historic preservation and organizations for different geographical areas and nationally.This remains their of such programs; (4)individuals and resource types.In most cases where the preeminent function. companies in the private practice of Standards are applied in hiring or 2. What about the requirements in historic preservation as well as related contracting,job descriptions and Section 112 of the National Historic organizations;and, (5)individuals qualifications will have to be tailored to Preservation Act?Section 112 is not the working in the public sector as well as specific situations and locations so that statutory authority for the"Secretary of organizations of such people. experience and training are relevant to the Interior's Historic Preservation 5. Why did the National Park Service the needs of the resources and the work Professional Qualification Standards choose the disciplines it did?These to be done.Where there is a need for and Guidance" (see the preceding disciplines were selected because each specialized expertise in a project, paragraph).Section 112 splits Federal is specifically mentioned in the application of the Standards will agency requirements for meeting National Historic Preservation Act. [See necessarily focus upon specialized "professional standards"into two parts. sections 112(a)(1)(A), 112(a)(1)(B), training and demonstrated experience Section 112(a)(1)(A)mandates that 201(a)(9),301(12)(B),301(13),and and products.For example,a person Federal "actions"meet professional 401(c)(3).] may be highly skilled in restoring a NrVADA PRFSFRVATION FOUNDATION Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33711 particular kind of resource(such as Standards are encouraged to adopt a particular discipline,there is no such covered bridges),but that person would similar approach. national requirement.The hiring, not be an appropriate choice to work on 12. Why aren't the Standards for each choosing,selecting,or contracting office other types of resources. discipline exactly the same?Because must determine for itself how much 10.Do all staff, consultants,and each discipline is different and makes experience,of what sort,and in what appointed advisors need to meet the its own distinct contribution to historic sequence,is appropriate for the job or Standards?SHPOs,CLGs,and tribes preservation,the Professional position. hire staff,select consultants,and Qualification Standards differ somewhat 16.How many and what types of appoint advisors to perform historic according to discipline.Each set of products and activities are routinely preservation work.However,it is NPS Standards includes educational and used to document the quality of policy that historic preservation activity experience equivalencies to assure professional experience?The applicant, supported by the Historic Preservation fairness in hiring practices;thus,a employee,consultant,or advisor may Fund must be conducted,supervised, graduate or undergraduate degree,or cite products such as peer-reviewed overseen,evaluated,or signed off by other certification,registration,or articles and publications,audio-visual someone who meets the appropriate professional license or training is given materials,awards,and National Register Professional Qualification Standard. full consideration,when combined with documentation.Activities could include Therefore,NPS requires the use of some differing periods of full-time teaching the theory or practices of a of these Standards in certain professional experience.Documenting a specific discipline;administrative, circumstances by State Historic record of high quality products and project review,or supervisory Preservation Offices,State Review activities during past employment is experience in a historic preservation Boards,and Certified Local Government required in every Standard;however, program or office;and field or Commissions(see 36 CFR part 61). the type of products and activities will laboratory work.In any event,products Consequently,in some offices there necessarily differ within each and activities should demonstrate the could be no staff meeting the discipline. appropriate use of the applicable Professional Qualification Standards as 13. Why does one have to "Secretary of the Interior's Standards for long as there is access somewhere along demonstrate proficiency in a specific Archeology and Historic Preservation." the line to the appropriate expertise.For discipline as well as in historic Examples are provided in the offices(e.g.,States)required to have preservation?When decision makers Documenting Professional Experience professionally qualified staff and lack the expertise required to make section of the guidance for Applying the Review Board membership,the informed decisions,historic and Standard for each discipline. cultural resources can be overlooked, requirement is usually to have at least mis identified,mis-evaluated,damaged, 17.In determining academic one qualified individual in the three qualifications, what is a "closely related or lost.Partial expertise can be just as specified core disciplines.States and field of study?"To provide flexibility in harmful,whether a person is well- Tribes with 101(d)status are expected to grounded in historic preservation,but determining academic credentials,the obtain the services of professionals Standards recognize that a graduate or qualified in other disciplines as needed. lacks professional discipline skills,or, undergraduate degree may have been alternatively,is an expert in a It is possible that an individual may attained in either the identified professional discipline,but fails to meet the Professional Qualification understand its important connection to discipline or in a related discipline. Standards for more than one discipline. historic preservation.Involvement of Thus a candidate for the position of Other staff members working in the people with expertise in both a Architectural Historian may have an discipline do not have to meet the professional discipline and historic undergraduate degree in a closely Standards. preservation will greatly improve the related field of study,such as Art 11. What about professionals who reliability of decisions affecting our History or Historic Preservation. were hired under the old Standards?For nation's heritage. Merely having a degree in a closely programs administered by the National 14. What constitutes full-time related field does not automatically Park Service,each State staff,State professional experience?Full-time meet the Standard.The course work Review Board member and Certified professional experience generally refers taken to earn a degree in a related field Local Government Commission member to experience received after the degree should be weighed against the course approved by the Secretary as meeting was awarded or education was requirements in the Standard's"main" the Professional Qualification Standards completed.Full-time professional discipline.For example,a degree in Art will retain that status,regardless of any experience can be acquired in blocks of History does not necessarily,on its own, subsequent changes in the Standards, time that,together,add up to the meet the Standard for Architectural until such time as that individual no number of years called for in the History,unless course work relevant to longer is employed by the State office, Standard.In some disciplines,a portion the Standard can be documented,such serves on the State Review Board,or of this experience must have been as American architectural history. (See serves on the Certified Local earned under the direct supervision of the Academic Background guidance Government Commission with which a recognized professional.It is possible given after each Standard,which that individual was affiliated as of the that some education and experience discusses the typical closely related date of that individual's approval. received outside the United States is fields of study for each historic Contractors qualified in a specified relevant to the identification, preservation discipline.) discipline under the old requirements evaluation,documentation,registration, 18.How much and what kind of will be deemed qualified in that treatment,and interpretation of United course work in a "closely related field" discipline by NPS under the new rules States historic and cultural properties. is required to meet the Professional as long as the contract,cooperative 15.Does the required experience have Qualifications Standards?There is no agreement,or other third-party to occur subsequent to obtaining the set amount of credit hours.The office agreement remains in effect.New requisite educational or licensing hiring or selecting must make a contractual agreements would apply the credentials?Although it is preferable to determination that the person with new standards.Other organizations have the practical experience after course work in a closely related field using the Professional Qualification obtaining the academic training in a has enough relevant education to be 94 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 33712 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices equivalent to that necessary for the • Knowledge of current theories, Historic Preservation Planning standard degree in that discipline,and principles,practices,methods,and Historic Preservation to enable that person to make judgments techniques of the discipline. History about the identification,evaluation, • Familiarity with diverse Archeology;Historic Preservation documentation,registration,or specializations within the discipline. Professional Qualification Standards treatment of historic or archeological • Skills in applying the discipline's Archeology is the study of past properties in the United States and its techniques of practice, including critical human lifeways through the systematic Territories. analysis skills. observation, analysis,and protection of • Understanding of the discipline's 19. When is "exceptional experience" the material remains of human a factor?In general, an applicant, relationships with other disciplines and activities. employee,consultant,contractor,or the ability to design and carry out advisor who does not possess a interdisciplinary projects. Standard for Archeologist • Understanding of complex research combination of education or training, (A)Prehistoric experience,and products would not questions. The a licant,em to ee,consultant, meet the Standards.However,in some • Ability to place a specific project in PP P Y or advisor will have a graduate degree cases,a person's experience and a broader context. contributions have been so exceptional • Knowledge of current scholarly in Anthropology with a specialization in research and its applicability to a given Prehistoric Archeology,or a graduate that he or she demonstrates the level of issue degree in Archeology with a expertise that meets the Standards.In . Familiarity with the process of specialization in Prehistoric particular,this may apply in those rigorous professional peer review that Archeology,or a graduate degree in a situations where persons embarked occurs before work is published. closely related field(see Academic upon their careers before recognized Background for Archeology),PLUS a academic programs were established, Recommended Historic Preservation minimum of two and one-half(21/2) and their education or training was thus Proficiencies years of full-time professional attained in alternative ways.In such The following historic preservation experience in applying the theories, instances,exceptional experience would proficiencies(knowledge,skills,and methods, and practices of Archeology be substituted for an academic degree or abilities)should be possessed by that enables professional judgments to other training.It is up to the applicants,employees,consultants,and be made about the identification, organization with administrative advisors: evaluation,documentation,registration, oversight responsibility for the program . Familiarity with the origins and or treatment of prehistoric archeological or project to determine whether the development of the historic preservation properties in the United States and its individual meets the Standards.For movement. Territories(at least six months of example,in a program under the . Knowledge of the field of historic experience must have been acquired in purview of 36 CFR part 61,the State preservation as it is practiced in the the performance of field and analytical Historic Preservation Office would United States,including its activities under the supervision of a request an exception from the National philosophies,theories, practices,laws, professional prehistoric archeologist, Park Service for the person under regulations,policies, and standards,and and one year of experience in the study consideration for a"professional" relationship to the discipline as a of the archeological resources of the position on the State staff or Review whole. prehistoric period must have been at a Board.Otherwise,the organization . Ability to apply Federal and supervisory level);and products and doing the hiring or selecting of activities that demonstrate the relevant State and local historic personnel would determine whether the preservation laws,regulations,policies, successful application of acquired individual meets the Standards. and standards in the public and private proficiencies in the discipline to the Discipline and Historic Preservation sectors,including Federal,State,and practice of historic preservation(see local overnment agencies,and private Documenting Professional Experience Proficiencies g g for Archeolo ists). organizations. g The Historic Preservation Professional • Ability to apply the appropriate (B)Historical Qualification Standards call for an set(s)of the"Secretary of the Interior's The applicant,employee, consultant, understanding of the general principles, Standards for Archeology and Historic or advisor will have a graduate degree procedures,and practices in the Preservation,"and/or the National in Anthropology with a specialization in discipline as they are applied to historic Register of Historic Places criteria. Historical Archeology, or a graduate preservation.This type of expertise is In consideration of the foregoing,the degree in Archeology with a necessary for historic preservation "Secretary of the Interior's Professional specialization in Historical Archeology, programs in which the employee, Qualification Standards"are proposed or a graduate degree in a closely related consultant, or advisor is expected to to read as follows: field(see Academic Background for deal with a range of historic resources Historic Preservation Professional Archeology),plus a minimum of two and issues.Proficiencies in the Qualification Standards 1 disciplines and in the practice of and one-half(2/z)years of full-time historic preservation are outlined below. Archeology professional experience applying the (A)Prehistoric Archeology theories, methods,and practices of Recommended Discipline Proficiencies (B)Historic Archeology Archeology that enables professional Architectural History judgments to be made about the The following discipline proficiencies Conservation identification, evaluation, (knowledge,skills, and abilities)should Cultural Anthropology documentation,registration,or be possessed by applicants,employees, Curation treatment of historic archeological consultants,and advisors: Engineering g Folklore properties in the United States and its • Knowledge of the history of the Historic Architecture Territories(at least six months of discipline. Historic Landscape Architecture experience must have been acquired in NEVADA PRFSEPVATICN FOUNDATION Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33713 the performance of field and analytical research.Additional specialized videos that interpret the results of activities under the supervision of a training and experience is also required archeological investigation for the professional Historical Archeologist, for those specializing in,for example, general public. and one year of experience in the study underwater archeology,physical • Publications including articles in of the archeological resources of the anthropology(human bones and professional journals,monographs, historic period must have been at a burials),forensic archeology,or books,or chapters in edited books, supervisory level);and products and zooarcheology(non-human bones).In related to the preservation of historic or activities that demonstrate the addition,archeologists typically archeological properties. successful application of acquired specialize in the archeological resources • Presentations at regional,national, proficiencies in the discipline to the of a particular time period,geographic or international professional practice of historic preservation(see region,resource type,or research conferences related to the preservation Documenting Professional Experience subject. of historic or archeological properties. for Archeologists). • Professional service on boards or Applying the Standard for committees of regional,national,or (Note:Pursuant to 36 CFR part 61,a person Archeologist—Documenting international professional or anizations meeting this Standard(either Prehistoric or Professional Experience g Historic Archeology)is required as part of the concerned with the preservation of core staff for each State Historic Preservation A professional archeologist typically historic or archeological properties. Office(SHPO)and as part of each State has experience in field survey,site • Awards,research grants,research Review Board.Expertise described by this testing,site excavation,artifact fellowships,or invitations to teaching standard is also needed for Tribal identification and analysis,documents posts. Preservation Office staff or consultants of research,and report preparation. This list is not comprehensive. tribes that have executed a Memorandum of Supervised field experience as a Furthermore,it is not expected that all Agreement to implement Section 101(d)of p of these products and activities will the National Historic Preservation Act.It also graduate student may be counted as part may be needed for consultants hired with of the overall 21/2 year professional need to be documented in order to meet HPF grant funds and for members of Certified experience requirement. the Standard;rather,a combination of Local Government Commissions.) A Prehistoric Archeologist meeting several of these products and activities Archeology—Academic Background this Standard would document one year would be more typical.However, if the Closelyrelated fields:Anthropology, of supervisory experience in the study applicant were documenting p gy of prehistoric archeological sites;a professional experience in one of the with a specialization in Archeology,is Historical Archeologist would specializations,the majority of products the typical degree discipline for document one year of supervisory and activities should reflect that archeologists practicing in the United experience in the study of sites of the specialization. States.One of the usual requirements historic period. Architectural History,Historic for receiving the degree is completion of The two archeologist specializations an archeological field school in which of Prehistoric Archeology and Historic Preservatlon Professional Qualification the student learns about techniques of Archeology are not interchangeable. Standards survey,excavation,and laboratory Documentation to show that someone Architectural History is the study of processing.However,degree programs qualifies in both Prehistoric and the development of building practices have also been established in Historic Archeology should include a through written records and design and Archeology, Cultural Resources minimum of one additional year of the examination of structures,sites,and Management,Historical Archeology, supervisory experience on resources of objects in order to determine their and Public Archeology.Some Historical the other specialty,for a total of 31/2 relationship to preceding, Archeology programs are housed in years of experience,with products and contemporary,and subsequent History,Public History,or American activities in both specializations. architecture and events. Studies Departments.For these degrees, a list of courses taken should be Products and Activities. Standard for Architectural Historian reviewed to determine if the program is Professional experience and expertise (a)The applicant,employee, equivalent to that typically provided for must be documented through"products consultant,or advisor will have a a degree in Anthropology with a and activities that demonstrate the graduate degree in Architectural History specialization in Archeology,including successful application of acquired or a closely related field of study(see course work in archeological methods proficiencies in the discipline to the Academic Background for Architectural and theory,archeology of a geographic practice of historic preservation." History),plus a minimum of two(2) region(e.g.,North America),and the Products and activities that meet the years of full-time professional field school. appropriate Secretary Standards for experience applying the theories, Discipline specializations:The most Archeology and Historic Preservation methods,and practices of Architectural prevalent specializations in Archeology may include: History that enables professional include Historical Archeology or • Survey and excavation reports of judgments to be made about the Prehistoric Archeology, i.e.,the cultural resource management or identification,evaluation, specialization in resources of either the Section 106(or other compliance) documentation,registration,or prehistoric period or the historic period. projects.These reports are typically treatment of historic properties in the These specializations necessarily called"grey literature;"they often have United States and its Territories;and require expertise in different types of multiple authors and are usually products and activities that demonstrate sites and different sources of produced in limited quantities by the successful application of acquired information about past human activities. consulting firms. proficiencies in the discipline to the For example,a prehistoric archeologist • National Register documentation practice of historic preservation(see usually requires a knowledge of resulting in property listings or Documenting Professional Experience environmental sciences,while a Determinations of Eligibility. for Architectural Historians);or historical archeologist needs to • Materials such as presentations, (b)An undergraduate degree in understand the techniques of archival booklets,brochures,lesson plans,or Architectural History or a closely 96 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 33714 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices related field of study(see Academic practice of historic preservation."A theories,methods,and practices of Background for Architectural History), professional Architectural Historian Conservation that enables professional plus a minimum of four(4)years of full- typically has expertise in research, judgments to be made about the time professional experience applying survey,documentation,and evaluation, identification,evaluation, the theories,methods,and practices of of architectural resources,including documentation or treatment of objects Architectural History that enables buildings,structures,objects,and associated with historic and prehistoric professional judgments to be made districts.Documentation of such properties in the United States and its about the identification,evaluation, experience is desirable.Products and Territories;and products and activities documentation,registration,or activities that meet the appropriate that demonstrate the successful treatment of historic properties in the Secretary's Standards for Archeology application of acquired proficiencies in United States and its Territories;and and Historic Preservation may include: the discipline to the practice of historic products and activities that demonstrate • Survey reports assessing the preservation(see Documenting the successful application of acquired significance of historic properties. Professional Experience for proficiencies in the discipline to the • Historic structure reports. Conservators);or* * * practice of historic preservation(see • National Register documentation (b)An undergraduate degree in Art Documenting Professional Experience resulting in property listings or History,or Natural or Physical Science, for Historians). Determinations of Eligibility. or another closely related field to • Documentation that meets HABS/ Conservation(see Academic (Note:Pursuant to 36 CFR part 61,a person HAER standards for recording historic Background for Conservation),with an meeting this Standard is required as part of . additional(3)years of full-time the core staff for each State Historic properties• ublications,which mi ht include enrollment in an apprenticeship Preservation Office(SHPO)and as part of g PP P each State Review Board.Expertise described articles in regional,national,or program equivalent to graduate studies by this standard is also needed for Tribal international professional journals, in Conservation and supervised by a Preservation Office staff or consultants of monographs,books,or chapters in professional Conservator;plus a tribes that have executed a Memorandum of edited books,related to the preservation minimum of three(3)years full-time Agreement to implement Section 101(d)of of historic structures. professional experience applying the the National Historic Preservation Act.It also • Presentations at regional,national, theories,methods,and practices of may be needed for consultants hired with or international professional Conservation that enables professional HPF grant funds and for members of Certified conferences related to the preservation judgments to be made about the Local Government Commissions.) of historic structures. identification,evaluation, Architectural History—Academic • Professional service on boards or documentation,or treatment of objects Background committees of regional,national,or associated with historic and prehistoric Closely related fields:Professional international professional organizations properties in the United States and its Architectural Historians typically concerned with the preservation of Territories;and products and activities receive their formal training through historic structures. that demonstrate the successful Architectural History,Art History,or • Awards,research grants,research application of acquired proficiencies in Historic Preservation programs,which fellowships,or invitations to teaching the discipline to the practice of historic include course work in American posts. preservation(see Documenting Architectural History.Other fields of This list is not comprehensive. Professional Experience for study may offer relevant training, Furthermore,it should be understood Conservators). provided that course work in American that not all of these products and Conservation—Academic Background Architectural History is taken.These activities are needed in order to meet other fields may include American the Standard;rather,a combination of Closely related fields:Since Studies,American Civilization, several products and activities would be Conservators tend to specialize in a Architecture,Landscape Architecture, more typical.If the applicant were related d fields will ular class of obbjects, closelyand could Urban and Regional Planning,American documenting professional experience in one of the specializations,however,theinclude Art,Art Conservation,Art History,Historic Preservation,and Architecture,Historic Public History. majority of products and activities i rY would naturally reflect that Preservation,Museum Studies, Discipline specializations: Chemis Physics,En neerin (or a Architectural Historians tend to be specialization. trY. Y gi g generalists,although specializations related scientific field),Archeology, g P Conservation;Historic Preservation Anthropology,or other fields related to within Architectural History are Professional Qualification Standards the conservation specialization.If a typically based on time periods(such as Conservation is the practice of closely related field is being claimed, 18th century),on a particular prolonging the physical and aesthetic the degree in the closely related field architectural style(such as Georgian or life of prehistoric and historic material should be accompanied by a certificate vernacular),or a combination of these culture through documentation, in Conservation,or the completion of (such as plantation architecture in the preventive care,treatment,and research. course work equivalent to that typically antebellum South). offered in graduate Conservation Standard for Conservator programs.This course work should Applying the Standard for Architectural pro gr Historian—Documenting Professional (a)The applicant,employee, include examination,documentation, Experience consultant,or advisor will have a and treatment of objects;history and Products and Activities graduate degree in Conservation or a technology of objects;and conservation graduate degree in a closely related field science.In addition,such a program Professional experience and expertise of study with a certificate in should include the completion of a two- must be documented through"products Conservation(see Academic semester internship. and activities that demonstrate the Background for Conservation),plus a Discipline specializations: successful application of acquired minimum of three(3)years of full-time Professional conservators specialize in proficiencies in the discipline to the professional experience applying the the treatment and maintenance of a NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 97 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33715 specific class of objects or materials, practice of historic preservation." traditional cultural properties in the such as archeological artifacts, Products and activities that meet the United States and its Territories;and architectural elements or fragments,or appropriate Secretary's Standards for products and activities that demonstrate collections,books,ceramics,glass, Archeology and Historic Preservation the successful application of acquired decorative arts,ethnographic objects, may include: proficiencies in the discipline to the furniture,metals,paintings,paper, • A portfolio of current and past practice of historic preservation(see photographs,sculpture,and textiles. conservation work,including written Documenting Professional Experience Some conservators have studied more and photographic documentation. for Cultural Anthropologists);or than one specialty,and have • Reports of examination,condition, (b)An undergraduate degree in accumulated experience which allows or treatment of objects. Anthropology or a closely related field them to practice in several of these • Publications,which might include (see Academic Background for Cultural specialties(although they are often articles in professional journals, Anthropology),with a specialization in closely related,such as books,drawings, monographs,books, or chapters in Applied Cultural Anthropology, plus a prints or paper;decorative arts and edited books,related to the care and minimum of four. (4)years of full-time furniture;sculpture and archeological treatment of objects. professional experience(including at artifacts).In these cases,the time period • Presentations at regional,national, least twelve months of field work that distinguishes the materials is often or international professional supervised by a professional Cultural the specialty.Each of these specialties conferences,workshops or other Anthropologist)applying the theories, requires focused training and educational venues related to the care methods,and practices of Cultural experience,since each represents and treatment of objects. Anthropology that enables professional unique problems which are not always • Professional service on boards or judgments to be made about the necessarily shared with other materials committees of regional,national,or identification,evaluation, or time periods.Hence,a professional international professional organizations documentation,registration, or conservator should be able to perform concerned with the conservation of treatment of historic, prehistoric,or according to professional standards of objects. traditional cultural properties in the ractice within the claimed area of • Awards,research grants,research P United States and its Territories;and specialty and should be both capable fellowships,or invitations to teaching products and activities that demonstrate and willing to recognize his or her Posts• the successful application of acquired limitations.Theprofessional This list is not comprehensive. P Futhermore,it should be understood proficiencies in the discipline to the conservator,moreover,should be practice of historic preservation(See generally knowledgeable about the that not all of these products and Documenting Professional Experience issues of others ecialties and the activities are needed in order to meet P the Standard;rather,a combination of for Cultural Anthropologists). benefit of effective communication among the specialties.A broad several products and activities would be Cultural Anthropology—Academic understanding of the general principles more typical.If the applicant were Background of the conservation discipline is documenting professional experience in paramount as well,particularly in the one of the specializations,however,the Closely related fields:A degree in area of technological and philosophical majority of products and activities Anthropology with a specialization in concerns that govern the ethics of the would naturally reflect that Applied Cultural Anthropology is the s ecialization, typical degree discipline for Cultural profession. P Anthropologists practicing in the United A note on Conservation education: Cultural Anthropology;Historic States. Closely related fields of study Many professional Conservators Preservation Professional Qualification may include Sociology, Cultural received their training by serving Standards Geography,Folklife,History,and apprenticeships with professional Conservators.For some time, however, Cultural anthropology is the American Studies. graduate conservation programs have description and analysis of cultural Discipline specializations: been established in academic systems,which include systems of Specializations in this discipline institutions;these require an internship behaviors(economic,religious,social), include Applied Cultural Anthropology, in recognition of the critical importance values,ideologies,and social and Social Anthropology(which may be of hands-on training and experience in arrangements. considered the most closely related to re arin students for rofessional Cultural Anthropology;some academic P P g P Standard for Cultural Anthropologist programs even combine them,referring practice. (a)The applicant,employee, to Sociocultural Anthropology). Applying the Standard for consultant,or advisor will have a Departments of Anthropology typically Conservator—Documenting Professional graduate degree in Anthropology with a provide training in Archeology,Physical Experience specialization in Applied Cultural Anthropology,Ethnography,and A professional Conservator typically Anthropology,or a closely related field Sociocultural Anthropology,and they possesses specialized technical skills (see Academic Background for Cultural may offer Applied Anthropology and has experience in the examination, Anthropology),plus a minimum of two concentrations in one or more of these analysis,documentation,treatment,and (2)years of full-time professional fields.Professional Cultural preventive care of a specific class,or experience(including at least six Anthropologists tend to specialize classes,of objects. months of field work supervised by a geographically(such as in the professional Cultural Anthropologist) Southwest United States, Micronesia or Products and Activities applying the theories,methods,and New England)or topically(such as Professional experience and expertise practices of Cultural Anthropology that Medical Anthropology or Urban must be documented through"products enables professional judgments to be Anthropology),or in working with and activities that demonstrate the made about the identification, particular cultural or linguistic groups successful application of acquired evaluation,documentation,registration, (such as fishermen,Irish immigrants,or proficiencies in the discipline to the or treatment of historic, prehistoric,or Northwest Coast Indians). `�� BOTH DER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PI AN 33716 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices Applying the Standard for Cultural This list is not comprehensive. Museum Science or Museology in Anthropologist—Documenting Futhermore,it should be understood another institution.Since Curators often Professional Experience that not all of these products and specialize in particular disciplines, A professional Cultural activities are needed in order to meet those fields of study would be relevant Anthropologist typically has experience the Standard;rather,a combination of provided that theoretical as well as in the use of ethnohistoric and several products and activities would be hands-on training was also obtained in ethnographic techniques,including more typical.If the applicant were museum methods and techniques, participant observation field work documenting professional experience in including collections care and among one or more contemporary ethnic one of the specializations,however,the management.Examples of relevant groups.The typical Cultural majority of products and activities fields could include American Studies, Anthropologist would also have would naturally reflect that Anthropology,Archeology,Art History, specialization. Archival or Library Science,History, performed field survey to identify and assess ethnographic resources,which Curation;Historic Preservation Biology,Botany,Chemistry,Physics, can include,in addition to historic and Professional Qualification Standards Engineering, Geology,Zoology,and cultural places of value,environmental other similar fields of study,depending features and places that have symbolic Curation is the practice of upon the nature of the collections to be and other cultural value for Native documenting,managing,preserving, curated. American and/or other ethnic and interpreting museum collections Discipline specializations: communities.A Cultural Anthropologist according to professional museum and Professional Curators tend to be engaged in substantial ethnographic archival practices. specialists in a particular academic field work should demonstrate Standard for Curator discipline relevant to the collections professional experience in the relevant held by their institution or museum, professional a on area and/or in the New (a)The applicant,employee, which could include,for example, 19th- g gr P gconsultant,or advisor will have a centuryHudson ValleySchool World peoples,immigrant,ethnic,or minoritycommunities with whom theygraduate degree in Museum Studies or paintings,Southwest Pueblo pottery, work. a closely related field of study(see Civil War military uniforms,site- willAcademic Background for Curation), specific archeological materials,or Products and Activities plus a minimum of two(2)years of full- natural history specimens. Professional experience and expertise time professional experience applying must be documented throu h" roducts the theories,methods,and practices of Applying the Standard for Curator— g p Curation that enables professional Documenting Professional Experience and activities that demonstrate the to be made about the A professional Curator typically has successful application of acquired judgments YP Y proficiencies in the discipline to the identification,evaluation, experience in managing and preserving practice of historic preservation." documentation,preventive care,or a collection according to professional Products and activities that meet the interpretation of collections associated museum and archival practices.Cultural appropriate Secretary's Standards for with historic and prehistoric properties training should involve experience with Archeology and Historic Preservation in the United States and its Territories; the chemical and physical properties of may include: and products and activities that material culture,as well as practical and • Ethnographic field studies and demonstrate the successful application legal aspects of health and safety,an survey reports,oral histories,or social of acquired proficiencies in the understanding of climate control impact assessments. discipline to the practice of historic systems,security,and conservation • National Register documentation of preservation(see Documenting methods.The Curator is directly ethnographic resources or traditional Professional Experience for Curators);or responsible for the care and academic cultural properties resulting in property * * * interpretation of all objects, materials, listings or Determinations of Eligibility. (b)An undergraduate degree in and specimens belonging to or lent to • Publications,which might include Museum Studies or a closely related the museum;recommendations for articles in regional,national,or field of study(see Academic acquisition,de-accession,attribution international professional journals, Background for Curation),plus a and authentication;and research on the monographs,books,or chapters in minimum of four(4)years of full-time collections and the publication of the edited books,related to the professional experience applying the results of that research.The Curator also documentation and preservation of theories,methods,and practices of may have administrative and/or historic and archeological resources, Curation that enables professional exhibition responsibilities. and/or traditional cultural properties. judgments to be made about the Products and Activities • Presentations at regional,national, identification,evaluation, or international professional documentation,preventive care,or Professional experience and expertise conferences, symposia,workshops or interpretation of collections associated must be documented through"products exhibits related to the documentation with historic and prehistoric properties and activities that demonstrate the and preservation of historic and in the United States and its Territories; successful application of acquired archeological resources,and/or and products and activities that proficiencies in the discipline to the traditional cultural properties. demonstrate the successful application practice of historic preservation." • Professional service on boards or of acquired proficiencies in the Products and activities that meet the committees or regional,national,or discipline to the practice of historic appropriate Secretary's Standards for international professional organizations preservation(see Documenting Archeology and Historic Preservation concerned with the documentation and Professional Experience for Curator). may include: preservation of historic and • Exhibit catalogs and other scholarly archeological resources. Curation—Academic Background reports. • Awards,research grants,research Closely related fields:A degree • Field or laboratory work that fellowships, or invitations to teaching program called Museum Studies in one demonstrates ability to conserve, posts. academic institution might be called document, or interpret archeological, NFVADA PRFSERVATION FOUNDATION Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33717 archival,or material culture objects or structures and machines in the United including design,planning, collections. States and its Territories;and products construction specifications,and contract • Plans or finding aids for the and activities that demonstrate the administration.Although this preservation or documentation of successful application of acquired background is essential,additional museum collections. proficiencies in the discipline to the training is needed in order to • Publications,which might include practice of historic preservation(see understand and work with historic articles in regional,national,or Documenting Professional Experience structures,sites,and machines,with international professional journals, for Engineers);or* * * their complex material evolution and monographs,books,or chapters in (b)A Masters of Civil Engineering treatment problems.Specialized edited books,related to the care and degree with demonstrable course work training,to supplement that provided by treatment of archeological,archival,or in Historic Preservation,for historic the professional Engineering program, material culture objects or collections. structures rehabilitation,plus a should be acquired in such areas as • Presentations at regional,national, minimum of two(2)years of full-time American Architectural and Engineering or international professional professional experience applying the History,History of Technology, conferences,symposia,workshops,or theories,methods,and practices of Architectural Preservation, exhibits related to the care and Engineering that enables professional Conservation,Historic Construction treatment of archeological,archival,or judgments to be made about the Technologies,Historic Building material cultural objects or collections. documentation or treatment of historic Materials,Historical Archeology,and • Professional service on boards or structures and machines in the United Historic Preservation. committees or regional,national,or States and its Territories;and products Discipline specializations:Civil international professional organizations and activities that demonstrate the Engineering,Electrical Engineering, concerned with the care and treatment successful application of acquired Mechanical Engineering,and Structural of archeological,archival,or material proficiencies in the discipline to the Engineering are typical specializations culture objects or collections. practice of historic preservation(see within the broader discipline of • Awards,research grants,research Documenting Professional Experience fellowships,or invitations to teaching for Engineers);or* * * most oftene usedring.The two specializations preservation posts. (c)A Bachelors of Civil Engineering most in historic preservation This list is not comprehensive. degree with at least one year of graduate projects are Civil and Structural Furthermore,it should be understood study in History of Technology,Historic Engineering.Occasionally,there may be that not all of these products and Preservation,Engineering History,or a the need for a Mechanical Engineer to activities are needed in order to meet closely related field(see Academic address issuesy such c as locomngotives, historic steam the Standard;rather,a combination of Background for Engineers),plus a machinery as locomotives,steam ic several products and activities would be minimum of two(2)years of full-time engines,enerlwater similar murbines, achines more typical.If the applicant were professional experience applying the generators,and similar machines and documenting professional experience in theories,methods and practices of equipment,or particularly complex one of the specializations,however,the Engineering that enables professional mechanical systems in a historic majority of products and activities judgments to be made about the structure. would naturally reflect that documentation or treatment of historic Applying the Standard for Engineer— specialization. structures and machines in the United Documenting Professional Experience Engineering Historic Preservation States and its Territories;and products To be licensed by a State Government Professional Qualification Standards and activities that demonstrate the as a professional Engineer,an successful application of acquired individual must pass a written exam Engineering is the practice of proficiencies in the discipline to the applying scientific principles to the practice of historic preservation(see and successfully fulfill education, research,planning,design,and Documenting Professional Experience training,and experience requirements. management of structures and machines for Engineers). In addition,a professional Historical such as roads,bridges,canals,dams, Engineer has both theoretical knowledge docks,locomotives,and buildings, (Note:Only persons who are licensed to and technical skill associated with practice Engineering in that State may preserving historic structures and including their structural,electrical,or prepare and seal plans and specifications in p g mechanical systems.Historic order to obtain construction permits, machines,and with the application of Engineering involves specialized authorize payments to contractors,and Engineering theories,methods,and training in engineering principles, certify that the work is complete.However, practices that enables professional theories,concepts,methods,and State staff,State Review Board members,and judgments to be made about the technologies of the past,and CLG staff or Commission members who are evaluation,documentation,or treatment appropriate methods of interpreting and not res and machines n Engineers under(b)or(c)ed,but who Qabove,caet the n reviewdard fo the United States of historic tand its Territories.A preserving historic engineered proposed and completed work for structures or machinery. compliance with the applicable Secretary's professional Historical Engineer Standard for En Weer Standards for Tax Act,HPF Grant,or other typically has gained experience on related programs.) structural preservation projects,which (a)The applicant,employee, have included research and detailed Engineering—Academic consultant,or advisor will have a State g b` Background investigations of historic structures or Government-recognized license to Closely related fields:The Bachelor of mechanical artifacts and preparation of practice civil or structural engineering, Civil Engineering degree is a five-year recommendations for the treatment of plus,a minimum of two(2)years of full- degree that is unlikely to include such properties in order to preserve time professional experience applying historic preservation course work.The them in accordance with the the theories,methods,and practices of same is true of a Masters of Civil appropriate Secretary's Standards for engineering that enables professional Engineering degree.An Engineer with Archeology and Historic Preservation judgments to be made about the an Engineering degree is well grounded (particularly the Secretary's Standards documentation or treatment of historic in all aspects of engineering practice, for the Treatment of Historic Properties). 100 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 33718 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices Products and Activities Standard for Folklorist (ethnomusicology),spoken word Professional experience and expertise (a)The applicant,employee, traditions,material culture,customs,or must be documented through"products consultant,or advisor will have a religious and belief systems;or and activities that demonstrate the graduate degree in Folklore,Folklife specialization may focus on the study of successful application of acquired Studies,Anthropology or a closely a particular contemporary group(such proficiencies in the discipline to the related field of study(see Academic as the Pennsylvania Amish)or region of practice of historic preservation." Experience for Folklore),with a the United States(such as Appalachia). Products and activities that meet the specialization in Folklore or Folklife Applying the Standard for Folklorist— Secretary Standards for Archeology and Studies,plus a minimum of two (2) Documenting Professional Experience Historic Preservation may include: years of full-time professional A professional Folklorist typically • Plans and Specifications for the experience applying the theories, demonstrates professional knowledge preservation,rehabilitation,or methods,and practices of Folklore that and skills in established methods and restoration of historic structures,such as enables professional judgments to be techniques of folklore and folklife bridges,dams,canal locks,and for the made about the identification, research in the collection,evaluation, structural rehabilitation or seismic evaluation,or documentation of folk documentation,analysis,and/or stabilization of buildings. cultures or lifeways associated with rassroots and • Adaptive reuse or feasibility studies historic or prehistoric properties in the traditional cultural expression, that make recommendations for United States and its Territories;and including folk music,spoken word, preserving or structurally stabilizing products and activities that demonstrate dance, craftsmanship and artistic historic structures,including bridges. the successful application of acquired traditions,folkways,customs,belief • Historic Structure Reports or proficiencies in the discipline to the systems,traditional foodways,and Condition Assessments of historic practice of historic preservation(see regional and/or occupational groups and structures or machines. Documenting Professional Experience communities.Experience would • Documentation that meets HABS/ for Folklorists);or* * * typically include fieldwork,with on-site HAER standards for recording historic (b)An undergraduate degree in interviews,observation,and structures or machines. Anthropology or a closely related field documentation of contemporary human • Experience applying the Secretaryof study(see Academic Experience for cultural activities. p Folklore),plus a minimum of four(4) of the Interior's Standards for the years of full-time professional Products and Activities Treatment of Historic Properties to the experience applying the theories, Professional experience and expertise review of work on historic structures, methods,andpractices of Folklore that p p sites or machines. must be documented through"products • Awards for historic structure enables professional judgments to be and activities that demonstrate the made about the identification, successful application of acquired preservation, rehabilitation,or PP evaluation,or documentation of folk proficiencies in the discipline to the restoration received from local,regional, p cultures or lifeways associated with practice of historic preservation." national,or international professional historic orprehistoric properties in the organizations. p p Products and activities that meet the United States and its Territories;and appropriate Secretary's Standards for • Publications,which might include products and activities that demonstrate Archeology and Historic Preservation articles in regional, national,or the successful application of acquired may include: international professional journals, proficiencies in the discipline to the • Field studies and survey reports, monographs,books,or chapters in practice of historic preservation. (see oral histories,or assessments of the edited books about the preservation of Documenting Professional Experience significance of historic properties. historic structures or machines. for Folklorists). • Publications,which might include • Presentations at regional,national, or internationalprofessional Folklore—Academic Background articles in regional,national,or international professional journals; conferences,symposia,workshops,or Closely related fields:Typically,a monographs,books,or chapters in exhibits about the preservation of professional Folklorist has a graduate edited books,related to assessing the historic structures or machines. degree in Folklore or Folklife Studies,or significance of historic or traditional • Professional service on boards or from highly specialized study within cultural properties. committees or regional,national,or other disciplines such as Anthropology, • Presentations at regional,national, international professional organizations English,Linguistics,or Sociology, or international professional concerned with the preservation of provided that such study included conferences,symposia,workshops, historic structures or machines. training in theory,research and exhibitions,or other educational venues This list is not comprehensive. fieldwork techniques,and in the diverse related to analyzing cultural traditions Furthermore, it should be understood categories of expressive culture. in evaluating the significance of historic that not all of these products and Discipline specializations:A graduate or traditional cultural properties. activities are needed in order to meet degree in Anthropology may be • Professional service on boards or the Standard;rather,a combination of combined with a specialization in committees of regional, national,or several products and activities would be Folklore and Folklife Studies.Other international professional organizations more typical. specializations may include:English, concerned with documenting and Folklore;Historic Preservation Cultural Anthropology, Ethnohistory, analyzing cultural traditions. Professional Qualification Standards Ethnobotany,Ethnozoology, • Awards,research grants,research Ethnoarcheology,Cultural Geography, fellowships,or invitations to teaching Folklore is the study and Sociology,and Oral History. posts. documentation of traditional,expressive A professional Folklore specialist,or This list is not comprehensive. culture shared within various ethnic, Folklorist,may specialize in any of the Furthermore,it should be understood familial,occupational,religious, and categories of traditional expressive that not all of these products and regional groups. culture,such as music activities are needed in order to meet NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATICN Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33719 the Standard;rather,a combination of Architecture),plus a minimum of two Architect has both theoretical several products and activities would be (2)years of full-time professional knowledge and technical skill more typical.If the applicant were experience applying the theories, associated with preserving historic documenting professional experience in methods and practices of Historic structures,and with the application of one of the specializations,however,the Architecture that enables professional Architecture theories,methods,and majority of products and activities judgments to be made about the practices that enables professional would naturally reflect that evaluation,documentation,or treatment judgments to be made about the specialization. of historic structures in the United evaluation,documentation,or treatment Historic Architecture;Historic States and its Territories;and products of historic properties in the United Preservation Professional Qualification and activities that demonstrate the States and its Territories.A professional Standards successful application of acquired Historical Architect typically has gained proficiencies in the discipline to the experience on structural preservation Historic Architecture is the practice of practice of historic preservation(see projects,which have included research applying artistic and scientific Documenting Professional Experience and detailed investigations of historic principles to the research,planning, for Historical Architects). structures and preparation of design,and management of the built recommendations for the treatment of ote:Onl persons who are licensed environment with specialized training practice Architectur in that State mayo properties in order to preserve them in in the principles,theories,concepts, prepare and seal plans and specifications in accordance with the appropriate methods,and techniques of preserving order to obtain construction permits, Secretary's Standards for Archeology historic buildings and structures. authorize payments to contractors,and and Historic Preservation(particularly Standard for Historical Architect certify that the work is completed.However, the Secretary's Standards for the State staff,State Review Board members,and (a)The applicant,employee, CLG staff or Commission members who are Treatment of Historic Properties). consultant,or advisor will have a State not licensed,but who meet the Standard for Products and activities Government-recognized license to Historical Architect under(b)or(c)above, practice Architecture,plus,a minimum can review proposed and completed work for Professional experience and expertise of two(2)years of full-time professional compliance with the applicable Secretary's must be documented through"products oexperience applying the theories,e Standards for Tax Act,HPF Grant,or other and activities that demonstrate the related programs.) successful application of acquired methods,and practices of Architecture that enables professional judgments to Historic Architecture—Academic proficiencies in the discipline to the be made about the evaluation, Background practice of historic preservation." documentation,or treatment of historic Closely related fields:The Bachelor of Products and activities that meet the structures in the United States and its Architecture degree is a five-year degree Historic Standards for may include: and Territories;and products and activities that does not always include historic Historic Preservation include: that demonstrate the successful preservation course work.The same • Plans and Specifications for the application of acquired proficiencies in may be true of a Masters of Architecture Preservation,rehabilitation,or the discipline to the practice of historic degree.An Historical Architect is first restoration of historic structures. preservation(see Documenting an Architect and,as such,is well • Adaptive reuse or feasibility studies Professional Experience for Historical grounded in all aspects of architectural that make recommendations for oric structures. Architects);or* * * practice,including architectural design, Pr;sHist gic Sttructure Reports or (b)A Masters of Architecture degree planning,construction specifications, P with demonstrable course work in and contract administration.Although Condition Assessments of historic Architectural Preservation, this background is essential,additional structures. Architectural History,Historicg • Documentation that meets HABS/ understand needed work order historic HAER standards for recordinghistoric Preservation,Historic Preservation and with Planning,or a closely related field(see structures,with their complex material structures. Academic Background for Historic evolution and treatment problems. • Experience applying the Secretary Architecture),plus a minimum of two Specialized training,to supplement that of the Interior's Standards for the (2)years of full-time professional provided by the professional Treatment of Historic Properties to the experience applying the theories, review of work on historic structures. P Architecture program,should be methods,and practices of Historic acquired in such areas as American • Awards for historic structure Architecture that enables professional Architectural History,Architectural preservation,rehabilitation,or judgments to be made about the Preservation,Conservation,Historic restoration received from local,regional, evaluation,documentation,or treatment Construction Technologies,Historic national,or international professional of historic structures in the United Building Materials,and Historic organizations. States and its Territories;and products Preservation. • Publications,which might include and activities that demonstrate the Discipline specialization:Historic articles in regional,national,or successful application of acquired Architecture is a specialization within international professional journals, proficiencies in the discipline to the the broader discipline of Architecture. monographs,books,or chapters in practice of historic preservation(see edited books about the preservation of Documenting Professional Experience Applying the Standard for Historical historic structures. for Historical Architects);or* * * Architect—Documenting Professional • Presentations at regional,national, (c)A Bachelors of Architecture degree Experience or international professional with at least one year of graduate study To be licensed by a State Government conferences,symposia,workshops,or in Architectural Preservation, as a professional Architect,an exhibits about the preservation of Architectural History,Historic individual must pass a written exam historic structures. Preservation,Historic Preservation and successfully fulfill education, • Professional service on boards or Planning,or a closely related field(see training,and experience requirements. committees or regional,national,or Academic Experience for Historic In addition,a professional Historical international professional organizations 102 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 33720 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices concerned with the preservation of time professional experience applying Discipline specialization:Historic historic structures. the theories,methods,and practices of Landscape Architecture is a This list is not comprehensive. Landscape Architecture that enables specialization within the broader field Furthermore,it should be understood professional judgments to be made of Landscape Architecture.Historical that not all of these products and about the identification,evaluation, Landscape Architects should have activities are needed in order to meet documentation,registration,or completed training in the principles, the Standard;rather,a combination of treatment of historic properties in the theories,concepts,methods,and several products and activities would be United States and its Territories;and techniques of preserving cultural more typical. products and activities that demonstrate landscapes.Cultural landscape Historic Landscape Architecture; the successful application of acquired preservation focuses on preserving a Historic Preservation Professional proficiencies in the discipline to the landscape's physical attributes,biotic Qualification Standards practice of historic preservation(see systems,and use(especially when that Historic Landscape Architecture is the Documenting Professional Experience use contributes to its historical P for Historic Landscape Architects). significance).Graduate study and/or practice of applying artistic and professional experience provides the scientific principles to the research, (Note:Only persons who are licensed to P planning,design,and management of practice Landscape Architecture in that State specialized training needed by the both natural and built environments may prepare and seal plans and Historical Landscape Architect. with specialized trainingin the specifications in order to obtain construction Applying the Standard for Historical P permits,authorize payments to contractors, principles,theories,concepts,methods, and certify that the work is completed. Landscape Architect—Documenting and techniques of preserving cultural However,State staff,State Review Board Professional Experience landscapes. members,and CLG staff or commission To be licensed by a State Government Standard for Historical Landscape members who are not licensed,but who meet as a professional Landscape Architect, the Standard for Historical Landscape an individual typicallymust pass a Architect Architect under(b)or(c)above,can review written exam and successfully fulfill (a)The applicant,employee, proposed and completed work for consultant,or advisor will have a State compliance with the applicable Secretary's education,training,and experience Standards for Tax Act,HPF Grant,Grant,or requirements.In addition,an Historical Government recognized license to other related programs.) Landscape Architect must have two practice Landscape Architecture,plus,a years of experience in the application of minimum of two(2)years full-time Historic Landscape Architecture— Landscape Architecture theories, professional experience applying the Academic Background methods,and practices to the theories,methods,and practices of identification,evaluation, Landscape Architecture that enables Closely related fields:Landscape professional judgments to be made Architecture is the typical professional documentation,registration,or about the identification,evaluation, Bachelors degree,which is awarded treatment of historic properties in the documentation,registration,or after successful completion of a four- United States and its Territories.A treatment of historic properties in the year or five-year undergraduate professional Historical Landscape United States and its Territories;and program.However,the Bachelors or Architect has both theoretical products and activities that demonstrate Masters in Landscape Architecture may knowledge and technical skill the successful application of acquired not always include historic preservation associated with the preservation of proficiencies in the discipline to the course work.While the standard cultural landscapes in accordance with practice of historic preservation(see Landscape Architecture degree program the Secretary's Standards for Documenting Professional Experience addresses all general aspects of Archeology and Historic Preservation. landscape architecturalpractice tice Cultural landscapes include historic for Historic Landscape Architects);orsites,historic designed landscapes, * * * (including design,planning, historic vernacular 1g andsca es,and (b)A Masters degree in Landscape construction specifications,and P Architecture with demonstrable course professional practice),additional ethnographic landscapes. work in the principles,theories, training is needed for Historical Products and Activities concepts,methods,and techniques of Landscape Architects.They may need Professional experience and expertise preserving cultural landscapes,plus a training in landscape research, must be documented through"products minimum or two(2)years of full-time documentation,analysis,evaluation, and activities that demonstrate the professional experience applying the and treatment techniques.This successful application of acquired theories,methods,and practices of additional training is achieved through proficiencies in the discipline to the Landscape Architecture that enables additional course work and/or practice of historic preservation." professional judgments to be made professional experience. Products and activities that meet the about the identification,evaluation, Graduate study:The Masters in appropriate Secretary's Standards for documentation,registration,or Landscape Architecture degree is the Archeology and Historic Preservation treatment of historic properties in the typical graduate degree,which is may include: United States and its Territories;and awarded after successful completion of • Surveys and inventories of cultural products and activities that demonstrate a two-year or three-year graduate landscapes. the successful application of acquired program.This degree should include • Documentation of cultural proficiencies in the discipline to the studies in the principles,theories, landscapes that meets the Secretary's practice of historic preservation(see concepts,methods,and techniques of Standards for Documentation. Documenting Professional Experience preserving cultural landscapes.Course • National Register nominations or for Historic Landscape Architects);or work may include cultural geography; Determinations of Eligibility for cultural * * * landscape history;archival research landscapes. (c)A four-year or five-year Bachelors techniques;historic preservation theory, • Cultural Landscape treatment and degree in Landscape Architecture,plus principles,and practice;and maintenance plans. a minimum of three(3)years of full- preservation technologies. • Cultural Landscape Reports. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 103 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33721 • Publications,which might include Planning),plus a minimum of two(2) Applying the Standard for Historic articles in regional,national,or years of full-time professional Preservation Planner—Documenting international professional journals, experience applying the theories, Professional Experience monographs,books,or chapters in methods,and practices of Historic In order to receive a license or be edited books about cultural landscape Preservation Planning that enables registered or certified as a professional preservation. professional judgments to be made Planner,an individual typically must • Presentations at regional,national, about the identification, evaluation, pass a written exam and have completed or international professional documentation,registration,protection, a specified number of years of conferences,symposia,workshops,or or treatment of historic and experience.A professional Historic exhibits about cultural landscape archeological properties in the United Preservation Planner typically has preservation. States and its Territories;and products gained experience in data collection and • Professional service on boards or and activities that demonstrate the analysis;survey and evaluation of committees or regional,national,or successful application of acquired existing conditions;consultation with international professional organizations proficiencies in the discipline to the elected and appointed officials and the concerned with cultural landscape practice of historic preservation(see general public;identification of preservation. Documenting Professional Experience alternative strategies;enforcement or • Awards, research grants,research for Historic Preservation Planner);or administration of relevant statutes and fellowships, or invitations to teaching * posts associated with cultural landscape (c)An undergraduate degree in regulations;and the preparation of preservation. Planning with demonstrable course planning documents. This list is not comprehensive. work in Historic Preservation or an Products and Activities Furthermore,it should be understood undergraduate degree in a closely Professional experience and expertise that not all of these products and related field of study with demonstrable must be documented through"products activities are needed in order to meet course work in Historic Preservation and activities that demonstrate the the Standard;rather,a combination of (see Academic Background for Historic successful application of acquired several products and activities would be Preservation Planning),plus a minimum more typical. of four(4)years of full-time professional proficiencies in the discipline to the experience applying the theories, practice of historic preservation." Historic Preservation Planning Historic methods,and practices of Historic Products and activities that meet the Preservation Professional Qualification Preservation Planning that enables appropriate Secretary's Standards for Standards professional judgments to be made Archeology and Historic Preservation Historic Preservation Planning,a about the identification,evaluation, may include: specialization within Planning, is the documentation,registration,protection, • Preservation plans adopted by practice of identifying and carrying out or treatment of historic and government officials;and/or results of particular goals and strategies to protect archeological properties in the United preservation planning studies historic and archeological resources at States and its Territories;and products incorporated into the local the local,regional,State,or national and activities that demonstrate the comprehensive or master plan. level. successful application of acquired • Ordinances for the protection of proficiencies in the discipline to the historic and/or archeological resources. Standard for Historic Preservation practice of historic preservation(see • Economic Feasibility Studies that Planner Documenting Professional Experience make recommendations for preserving (a)The applicant,employee, for Historic Preservation Planner). historic or archeological properties. consultant,or advisor will have a State • Publications,which might include Government-recognized certification or Historic Preservation Planning— articles in regional, national,or license in Land-use Planning,plus, Academic Background international professional journals, minimum of two(2)years of full-time Closely related fields:Professional monographs,books,or chapters in professional experience applying the Historic Preservation Planners typically edited books,related to preservation theories,methods,and practices of receive their education through planning. Historic Preservation Planning that academic Planning programs,although • Presentations at regional,national, enables professional judgments to be increasingly Historic Preservation or international professional made about the identification, programs are offering Historic conferences,symposia,workshops,or evaluation,documentation,registration, Preservation Planning as a exhibits related to preservation protection,or treatment of historic and concentration in which degrees are planning. archeological properties in the United awarded.Other fields that may be • Professional service on boards of States and its Territories;and products closely related,provided that training committees or regional,national,or and activities that demonstrate the relevant to Historic Preservation international professional organizations successful application of acquired Planning is obtained,include Historical concerned with preservation planning. proficiencies in the discipline to the or Cultural Geography,Architecture, • Planning awards received from practice of historic preservation(see Urban Design,and Historic local,regional,national,or international Documenting Professional Experience Preservation. professional organizations. for Historic Preservation Planner);or Discipline specializations:Historic This list is not comprehensive. * * * Preservation Planning is a specialization Furthermore,it should be understood (b)A graduate degree in Planning within the broader discipline of that not all of these products and with demonstrable course work in Planning.Other specializations include activities are needed in order to meet Historic Preservation,or a graduate Urban,City,Town,or Community the Standard;rather,a combination of degree in a closely related field of study Planning;Regional Planning;Land Use several products and activities would be with demonstrable course work in Planning;Environmental Planning; more typical.If the applicant were Historic Preservation(see Academic Recreation Planning;Transportation documenting professional experience in Background for Historic Preservation Planning;and Housing Planning. one of the specializations,however,the BOULDER CITY HISTORIC RRESE RVA!ION PL AN 33722 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices majority of products and activities programs of study include course work conferences,symposia,workshops,or would naturally reflect that in the history of the designed exhibits related to historic preservation. specialization. environment, history and theory of • Professional service on boards or Historic Preservation;Historic preservation, historic preservation committees or regional,national,or ethods,techniques,and legislation international professional organizations Preservation Professional Qualification m Standards (Federal,State and local),plus a formal concerned with historic preservation. supervised practicum or internship for • Awards,research grants,research Historic Preservation is the hands-on application of knowledge and fellowships,or invitations to teaching application of strategies that promote technical skills in the field. posts. the identification,evaluation, Discipline specializations:While most This list is not comprehensive. documentation,registration,protection, Historic Preservationists tend to be Furthermore,it should be understood treatment,continued use,and generalists,many specialize in such that not all of these products and interpretation of prehistoric and historic areas as Architectural, Landscape,and activities are needed in order to meet resources. Community Design,Historic Building the Standard;rather,a combination of Standard for Historic Preservationist Technology,Preservation Economics, several products and activities would be Preservation Law, Historic Preservation more typical.If the applicant were (a)The applicant,employee, Planning,and Site Interpretation and documenting professional experience in consultant, or advisor will have a Management. one of the specializations,however,the graduate degree in Historic Preservation majority of products and activities or a closely related field of study(see Applying the Standard for Historic would naturally reflect that Academic Background for the Historic Preservationist—Documenting specialization. Preservation discipline),plus a Professional Experience minimum of two(2)years of full-time History;Historic Preservation A professional Historic Professional Qualification Standards professional experience applying the Preservationist typically has experience theories,methods,and practices of that demonstrates a well grounded History is the study of the past Historic Preservation that enables understanding of the principles, through written records,oral history, professional judgments to be made practices,laws and regulations,and and material culture and the about the identification,evaluation, diverse resources of historic examination of that evidence within a documentation,registration,or preservation. chronological or topical sequence in treatment of historic and prehistoric order to interpret its relationship to properties in the United States and its Products and Activities preceding,contemporary and Territories;and products and activities Professional experience and expertise subsequent events. that demonstrate the successful must be documented through"products Standard for Historian application of acquired proficiencies in and activities that demonstrate the the discipline to the practice of historic successful application of acquired (a)The applicant,employee, preservation (see Documenting proficiencies in the discipline to the consultant,or advisor will have a Professional Experience for Historic practice of historic preservation of graduate degree in History or a closely Preservationists);or * * *. historic or archeological resources." related field of study(see Academic (b)An undergraduate degree in Products and activities that meet the Background for History), plus a Historic Preservation or a closely related appropriate Secretary's Standards for minimum of two(2)years of full-time field of study(see Academic Archeology and Historic Preservation professional experience applying the Background for the Historic may include: theories,methods,and practices of Preservation discipline),plus a • National Register documentation History that enables professional minimum of four(4)years of full-time that has resulted in property listings or judgments to be made about the professional experience applying the Determinations of Eligibility. identification,evaluation, theories, methods,and practices of • Survey reports assessing the documentation,registration,or Historic Preservation that enables significance of historic properties. treatment of historic properties in the professional judgments to be made • Historic Structure Reports. United States and its Territories;and about the identification,evaluation, • Adaptive reuse plans or feasibility products and activities that demonstrate documentation,registration,or studies that make recommendations for the successful application of acquired treatment of historic and prehistoric preserving historic properties. proficiencies in the discipline to the properties in the United States and its • Written opinions that have been practice of historic preservation(see Territories;and products and activities accepted that assess the impact that an Documenting Professional Experience that demonstrate the successful undertaking will have on historic or for Historians);or * * * application of acquired proficiencies in archeological properties. (b)An undergraduate degree in the discipline to the practice of historic • Historic District Ordinances that History or a closely related field of preservation(see Documenting have been adopted by a local study(see Academic Background for Professional Experience for Historic government. History),plus a minimum of four(4) Preservationists). • Documentation that meets HABS/ years of full-time professional Historic Preservation—Academic HAER standards for recording historic experience applying the theories, Background properties. methods,and practices of History that • Publications,which might include enables professional judgments to be Closely related fields:Various fields articles in regional,national,or made about the identification, of study may be considered closely international professional journals, evaluation,documentation,registration, related to Historic Preservation,such as monographs,books,or chapters in or treatment of historic properties in the American Studies,Architecture, edited books,related to historic United States and its Territories;and Architectural History,Archeology, preservation. products and activities that demonstrate History,and Historical or Cultural • Presentations at regional, national, the successful application of acquired Geography,provided that such or international professional proficiencies in the discipline to the NFVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION i ,., Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1997 / Notices 33723 practice of historic preservation(see Archeology and Historic Preservation American Institute for the Conservation of Documenting Professional Experience may include: Historic&Artistic Works, 1717 K Street, for Historians). • National Register documentation NW.,Suite 301,Washington,D.C.20006 (Note Pursuant to 36 CFR part 61 a person that has resulted in property listings or American Institute of Architects, 1735 New Determinations of Eligibility.meeting this Standard is required as part of g y' York Avenue,NW.,Washington,D.C. the core staff for each State Historic • Documentation that meets HABS/ 20006 Preservation Office(SHPO)and as part of HAER standards for recording historic American Institute of Certified Planners, each State Review Board.Expertise described properties. 1776 Massachusetts Avenue,NW., by this standard is also needed for Tribal • Survey reports assessing the Washington,D.C.20036 Preservation Office staff or consultants of significance of historic properties. American Planning Association, 122 S. tribes that have executed a Memorandum of • Publications,which might include Michigan Avenue,Suite 1200,Chicago,IL Agreement to implement Section 101(d)of articles in regional,national,or 60603-6107 the National Historic Preservation Act.It also g American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 may be needed for consultants hired with international professional journals, Alexander Bell Drive,Reston,VA 20191- HPF grant funds and for members of Certified monographs,books,or chapters in 4400 Local Government Commissions.) edited books,related to documenting American Society of Landscape Architects, and evaluating the significance of 4401 Connecticut Avenue, History—Academic Background historic properties. NW.,Washington,D.C.20008-2302 Closely related fields:For this • Presentations at regional,national American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Standard,the professional degree is or international professional P.O.Box 2900,Fairfield,NJ 07007-2900 typically awarded in History,American conferences,symposia,workshops,or American Studies Association, 1120 19th History, or Public History.Relevant exhibits related to documenting and Street,NW.,Suite 301,Washington,D.C. training can be obtained in programs of evaluating historic properties. 20036 American Studies, American • Professional service on boards or Association for Preservation Technology, Civilization, Historical or Cultural committees of regional, national,or P.O.Box 3511,Williamsburg,VA 23187 Geography,Anthropology,Ethnohistory, international professional organizations Association of American Geographers, 1710 and Historic Preservation,providing concerned with documenting and 16th Street,NW.,Washington,D.C.20009 that course work is offered in historical evaluating the significance of historic Center for Museum Studies,Smithsonian Institution,Arts and Industries Building, research methods and techniques. properties. Suite 2235,MRC,427,Washington,D.C. Education in the social and cultural • Awards,research grants,research 20560 history of countries other than North fellowships,or invitations to teaching The Institute for Electrical and Electronic America may be relevant when dealing posts. Engineers,445 Hoes Lane,Piscataway,NJ with the histories of immigrant,ethnic This list is not comprehensive. 08855-1331 or minority groups in the United States. Furthermore,it should be understood National Council on Preservation Education, Discipline specializations: that not all of these products and c/o Center for Historic Architecture and Professional Historians tend to activities are needed in order to meet Engineering,University of Delaware, concentrate their education and the Standard;rather,a combination of Newark,DE 19716 experience in one of the many several products and activities would be National Council on Public History,327 chronological,regional, and topical more typical.If the applicant were Cavanaugh Hall-IUPUI,425 University specializations within American History documenting professional experience in Blvd.,Indianapolis,IN 46202-5140 (such as colonial history,southern one of the specializations, however,the National Society of Professional Engineers, history, community history,women's majority of products and activities 1420 King Street,Alexandria,VA 22314- history, military history,history of would naturally reflect that 2794 technology,or industrial history). National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1785 specialization. Massachusetts Avenue,NW.,Washington, Applying the Standard for Historian— Sources of Additional Information— D.C.20036 Documenting Professional Experience Professional Organizations Organization of American Historians, 112 North Bryan Street,Bloomington,IN A professional Historian has The following organizations may be 47408-4199 experience in archival and primary contacted to request additional Society for American Archaeology,900 2nd documents research,evaluating and information about the specific Street,NE.,Suite 12,Washington,D.C. synthesizing this information,and disciplines,college and university 20002 preparation of scholarly narrative departments,workshops,and Society for Applied Anthropology,P.O.Box histories.Historic research experience conferences and publications about the 24083,Oklahoma City,OK 73124 in countries other than North America practice of each discipline. Society of Architectural Historians,Charnley- may be relevant when researching the American Anthropological Association,4350 Persky House, 1365 North Astor Street, histories of immigrant, ethnic or Chicago,IL 60610-2144 g North Fairfax Drive,Suite 630,Arlington, minority groups in the United States of VA 22203-1621 Society for Historical Archeology,P.O.Box America. American Association of Museums,P.O.Box 30446,Tucson,AZ 85751 4002,Washington,D.C.20042-4002 Society of Professional Archeologists, Products and Activities American Association for State Federal and Department of Anthropology,Southern Professional experience and expertise Local History,530 Church Street,Suite Methodist University,Dallas,TX 75275 must be documented through"products 600,Nashville,TN 37219-2325 Dated:June 12, 1997. and activities that demonstrate the American Cultural Resources Association, Katherine H.Stevenson, successful application of acquired c/o New South Associates,6150 Ponce de Associate Director,Cultural Resource proficiencies in the discipline to the Leon Avenue,Stone Mountain,GA 30083 Stewardship and Partnerships,National Park p American Folklife Center,Library of Service. practice of historic preservation." Congress,Washington,D.C.20540-8100 Products and activities that meet the American Historical Association,400 A 1FR Doc.97-16168 Filed 6-19-97;8:45 am] appropriate Secretary's Standards for Street,SE.,Washington,D.C.20003 BILLING CODE 4310-70-P ' E- BOW DER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PI.AN THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 107 APPENDIX G VI. HOW TO IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF SIGNIFICANCE OF A PROPERTY INTRODUCTION After identifying the relevant NATIONAL REGISTER historic context(s)with which the CRITERIA FOR property is associated,the four When evaluated within its historic Criteria are applied to the property. EVALUATION* context,a property must be shown to Within the scope of the historic be significant for one or more of the four context,the National Register Criteria The National Register Criteria Criteria for Evaluation-A,B,C,or D define the kind of significance that the recognize different types of values (listed earlier in Part II). The Criteria properties represent. embodied in districts,sites,buildings, describe how properties are signifi- For example,within the context of structures,and objects. These values cant for their association with impor- "19th Century Gunpowder Produc- fall into the following categories: tant events or persons,for their tion in the Brandywine Valley," Associative value(Criteria A and importance in design or construction, Criterion A would apply to those B): Properties significant for their or for their information potential. properties associated with important association or linkage to events The basis for judging a property's events in the founding and develop- (Criterion A)or persons(Criterion B) significance and,ultimately,its ment of the industry. Criterion B important in the past. eligibility under the Criteria is historic would apply to those properties Design or Construction value context. The use of historic context associated with persons who are (Criterion C): Properties significant allows a property to be properly significant in the founding of the as representatives of the manmade evaluated in a nearly infinite number industry or associated with important expression of culture or technology. of capacities. For instance,Criterion inventions related to gunpowder Information value(Criterion D): C: Design/Construction can accom- manufacturing. Criterion C would Properties significant for their ability modate properties representing apply to those buildings,structures, to yield important information about construction types that are unusual or or objects whose architectural form or prehistory or history. widely practiced,that are innovative style reflect important design qualities or traditional, that are"high style"or integral to the industry. And Crite- •For a complete listing of the Criteria for vernacular,that are the work of a rion D would apply to properties that Evaluation,refer to Part It of this bulletin. famous architect or an unknown can convey information important in master craftsman. The key to deterntin- our understanding of this industrial ing whether the characteristics or associa- process. If a property qualifies under tions of a particular property are signifi- more than one of the Criteria,its cant is to consider the property within its significance under each should be historic context. considered,if possible,in order to identify all aspects of its historical value. 11 108 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN CRITERION A: EVENT Properties can be eligible for the National Register if they are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. UNDERSTANDING APPLYING EXAMPLES OF PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH EVENTS CRITERION A: CRITERION A' Properties associated with specific events: EVENT EVENT •The site of a!rattle. •The building in which an important To be considered for listing under TYPES OF EVENTS invention was developed. Criterion A,a property must be •A factory district where a significant associated with one or more events A property can be associated with strike occurred. important in the defined historic either(or both)of two types of events: context. Criterion A recognizes yp •An archeological site at which a ma- properties associated with single •A specific event markingan im jor new aspect of prehistory was dis- events,such as the foundingof a covered,such as the first evidence of portant moment in American pre- man and extinct Pleistocene animals town,or with a pattern of events, history or history and being contemporaneous. repeated activities,or historic trends, such as the gradual rise of a port city's •A pattern of events or a historic •A site where an important facet of prominence in trade and commerce. trend that made a significant con- European exploration occurred. The event or trends,however,must tribution to the development of a clearly be important within the community,a State,or the nation. Properties associated with a pattern of associated context: settlement,in the events: case of the town,or development of a Refer to the sidebar on the right for • p a list of specific examples. •A trail associated with western nit- maritime economy,in the case of the gration. port city. Moreover,the property ASSOCIATION OF THE must have an important association •A railroad station that served as the with the event or historic trends,and PROPERTY WITH THE focus of a community's transporta- it must retain historic integrity. (See EVENTS lion system and commerce. Part V: How to Evaluate a Property •A mill district reflecting the inrpor- Within its Historic Context.) The property you are evaluating lance of textile manufacturing dur- Several steps are involved in must be documented,through ac- ing a given period. determining whether a property is cepted means of historical or archeo- significant for its associative values: logical research(including oral •A building used by an important lo- history),to have existed at the time of cal social organization. • Determine the nature and origin the event or pattern of events and to A site where prehistoric Native of the property, have been associated with those Americans annually gathered for •Identify the historic context with events. A property is not eligible if its seasonally available resources and which it is associated,and associations are speculative. For for social interaction. archeological sites,well reasoned • Evaluate the property's history to inferences drawn from data recovered •A downtown district representing a determine whether it is associ- at the site can be used to establish the town's growth as the commercial fo- ated with the historic context in association between the site and the cus of the surrounding agricultural any important way. events. area. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ASSOCIATION Mere association with historic events or trends is not enough,in and of itself,to qualify under Criterion A: the property's specific association must be considered important as well. For example,a building historically in commercial use must be shown to have been significant in commercial history. 12 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 109 TRADITIONAL CULTURAL if VALUES Traditional cultural significance is derived from the role a property plays in a community's historically rooted beliefs,customs,and practices. Properties may have significance under Criterion A if they are associ- ated with events,or series of events, significant to the cultural traditions of y a community.'' . �: 4 A 4' • Eligible , 14 t�...t :�." `.-_._ •A hilltop associated in oral his- o-:� t - torical accounts with theme founding of an Indian tribe or :III '} society is eligible. •A rural community can be eli- - =; `" gible whose organization, •''`� •' buildings,or patterns of • - �-; 'ryu.T .''" land use reflect the cultural »� "ram • µi±�;V ►' r traditions valued by its long- term residents. .�' . a*i'' ;moo. •An urban neighborhood can Criterion A-The Old Brulay Plantation,Brownsville vicinity,Cameron county, be eligible as the traditional Texas. Historically significant for its association with the development of agriculture home of a particular cultural in southeast Texas,this complex of 10 brick buildings was constructed by George N. group and as a reflection of its Brulay,a French immigrant who introduced commercial sugar production and beliefs and practices. irrigation to the Rio Grande Valley. (Photo by Texas Historical Commission). Not Eligible •A site viewed as sacred by a recently established utopian or religious community does not have traditional cultural value and is not eligible. 'For more information,refer to National Register Bulletin: Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultural Properties. 13 110 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN CRITERION:‘_. ..B. .. ••. , PERSONProperties may be eligible for the Nationegister if they are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. UNDERSTANDING ' ' 'CRITERION B: N4 t;` ` my 'r '' �'PERSON6 t �' i lit Criterion B applies to properties + / +associated with individuals whose "specific contributions to history cani tr: '1be identified and documented. t ' ® t�,,_� i'Persons"si nificant in our past" , • �� -, .refers to individuals whose activitiesi'are demonstrably important within a ' • 'r' , ,local,State,or national historic `'context. The criterion is enerall a•, I 1 .g Y restricted to those properties thatr. illustrate(rather than commemorate) t -�, _ r < a persons important achievements. _ { , ,.;, . •-` ,.. Nip i w t 1i4 (The policy regarding commemora- _ tive properties,birthplaces,and ' '' graves is explained further in Part " .,. . `'' ' VIII: How to Apply the Criteria Consid- - — -- _ erations.) -- - Several steps are involved in ..._ determining whether a property is significant for its associative values Criterion B-The William Whitney House,Hinsdale,DuPage County,Illinois. under Criterion B. First,determine This building is locally significant for its historical association with William Whitney, the importance of the individual. the founder of the town of Hinsdale,Illinois. Whitney,a citizen of New York State, Second,ascertain the length and nature of his/her association with the moved to Illinois,established the town,and while living here between 1870 and 1879 property under study and identify the was a prominent local businessman and politician. (Photo by Frederick C.Cue). other properties associated with the individual. Third,consider the property under Criterion B,as outlined below. EXAMPLES OF PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH PERSONS Properties associated with a Significant Person: • The home of an important merchant or labor leader. • The studio of a significant artist. • The business headquarters of an im- portant industrialist. 'For further information on properties eligible under Criterion B,refer to National Register Bulletin: Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Properties Associated with Significant Persons. 14 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 111 APPLYING ASSOCIATION WITH THE ASSOCIATION WITH CRITERION B: PROPERTY GROUPS Properties eligible under Criterion For properties associated with PERSON Bare usually those associated with a several community leaders or with a person's productive life,reflecting the prominent family,it is necessary to SIGNIFICANCE OF THE time period when he or she achieved identify specific individuals and to INDIVIDUAL significance. In some instances this explain their significant accomplish- may be the person's home;in other meats. cases,a person's business,office, The persons associated with the laboratory,or studio may best repro- Eligible property must be individually signifi- sent his or her contribution. Proper • A residential district in which a cant within a historic context. A ties that pre-or post-date an large number of prominent or property is not eligible if its only individual's significant accomplish influential merchants,profes justification for significance is that it ments are usually not eligible. (See iinfluen civic leaders,politi- was owned or used by a person who Comparison to Related Properties,below, cians,etc.,lived will be eligible is a member of an identifiable profes- for exceptions to this rule.) Criterion B if the signifi sion,class,or social or ethnic group. The individual's association with undernce of one or more specific It must be shown that the person the property must be documented by cindividual residents is specific ic- gained importance within his or her accepted methods of historical or illy justified. profession or group. archeological research,including written or oral history. Speculative • A building that served as the associations are not acceptable. For seat of an important family is Eligible archeological sites,well reasoned eligible under Criterion Be if the •The residence of a doctor,a inferences drawn from data recovered significant accomplishmnts of mayor,or a merchant is eli at the site are acceptable. one or more individual family gibe under Criterion B if the members is explicitly justified. person was significant in the COMPARISON TO RELATED Not Eligible field of medicine,politics,or PROPERTIES commerce,respectively. • A residential district in which a Each ro ert associated with an large number of influential per- Not Eligible p p y sons lived is not eligible under important individual should be g •A property is not eligible un- compared to other associated proper- Criterion B if the accomplish- der Criterion B if it is associ- ties to identify those that best repro- ments of a specific indivi- ated with an individual about sent the person's historic contribu- dual(s)cannot be documented. whom no scholarly judgement lions. The best representatives If the significance of the district can be made because either re- usually are properties associated with rests in the cumulative impor- search has not revealed spe- the person's adult or productive life. Lane of prominent residents, cific information about the Properties associated with an however,then the district person's activities and their individual's formative or later years might still be eligible under impact,or there is insufficient may also qualify if it can be demon- Criterion A. Eligibility,in this perspective to determine stra ted that the person's activities case,would be based on the whether those activities or during this period were historically broad pattern of community contributions were historically significant or if no properties from the development,through which important. person's productive years survives. the neighborhood evolved into Length of association is an important the primary residential area for factor when assessing several proper this class of citizens. ties with similar associations. • A building that served as the A community or State may contain seat of an important family will several properties eligible for associa- not be eligible under Criterion tions with the same important person, B if the significant accomplish- if each represents a different aspect of ments of individual family the person's productive life. A members cannot be docu- property can also be eligible if it has mented. In cases where a suc- brief but consequential associations cession of family members with an important individual. (Such have lived in a house and col- associations are often related to lectively have had a demon- specific events that occurred at the strably significant impact on property and,therefore,it may also be the community,as a family,the eligible under Criterion A.) house is more likely to be sig- nificant under Criterion A for association with a pattern of events. 15 112 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN ASSOCIATION WITH ASSOCIATION WITH NATIVE AMERICAN SITES LIVING PERSONS ARCHITECTS/ARTISANS The known major villages of Properties associated with living Architects,artisans,artists,and individual Native Americans who persons are usually not eligible for engineers are often represented by were important during the contact inclusion in the National Register. their works,which are eligible under period or later can qualify under Sufficient time must have elapsed to Criterion C.Their homes and studios, Criterion B. As with all Criterion B assess both the person's field of however,can be eligible for consider- properties,the individual associated endeavor and his/her contribution to ation under Criterion B,because these with the property must have made that field. Generally,the person's usually are the properties with which some specific important contribution active participation in the endeavor they are most personally associated. to history. Examples include sites must be finished for this historic significantly associated with Chief perspective to emerge.(See Criteria Joseph and Geronimo.' Considerations C and G in Part VII: How to Apply the Criteria Consider- ations.) For more information,refer to National Register Bulletin Guideline's for Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultural Properties. 16 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 113 CRITERION C: DESIGN/CONSTRUCTION Properties may be eligible for the National Register if they embody the distinctive characteristics of a type,period,or method of construction,or that represent the work of a master,or that possess high artistic values,or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. defined within the context of Crite- rion C. Districts,however,can be f con- sidered for eligibility under all the Crite- ria,individually or in any combina- 11. • 1 tion,as is appropriate. For this rea- • ' son,the full discussion of districts is "� , ` contained in Part IV: How to Define - Categories of Historic Properties. - Throughout the bulletin,however, ` y` yl � districts are mentioned within the - • rt. context of a specific subject,such as it ! 'i) an individual Criterion. 111 .. _ - P I _ ...,.� Richland Plantation,East Feliciano Parish,Louisiana. Properties can qualify under ! Criterion C as examples of high style architecture. Built in the 1830s,Richland is a fine example of a Federal style residence with a Greek Revival style portico. (Photo by Dave Gleason). 111 •Represent a si nificant and dis- i UNDERSTANDING • tinguishable entity whose COrn- CRITERION C: ponents may lack individual dis tinction. DESIGN/ The first requirement,that proper ties"embody the distinctive charac- CONSTRUCTION teristics of a type,period,or method of construction"refers to the way in This criterion applies to properties which a property was conceived, significant for their physical design or designed or fabricated by a people or Grant FamilyHouse,Saco vicinity, construction,including such elements culture in past periods of history. y "The work of a master"refers to the York County,Maine. Properties as architecture,landscape architec- possessing high artistic value meet ture,engineering,and artwork. To be technical or aesthetic achievements of > $ $ eligible under Criterion C,a property an architect or craftsman. "High Criterion C through the expression of must meet at least one of the following artistic values"concerns the expres- aesthetic ideals or preferences. The Grant requirements: sion of aesthetic ideals or preferences Family House,a modest Federal style and applies to aesthetic achievement. residence,is significant for its remarkably • Embody distinctive characteris- Resources"that represent a signifi- well-preserved stenciled wall decorative tics of a type,period,or method cant and distinguishable entity whose treatment in the entry hall and parlor. of construction. components may lack individual dis- tinction"are called"districts." In the Painted by an unknown artist ca.1825, •Represent the work of a master. Criteria for Evaluation(as published this is a fine example of 19th century New •Possess high artistic value. in the Code of Federal Regulations and England regional artistic expression. reprinted here in Part II),districts are (Photo by Kirk F.Mohney). 17 114 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN EXAMPLES OF PROPERTIES Distinctive Characteristics: "Dis- Type,Period,and Method of ASSOCIATED WITH DESIGN/ tinctive characteristics"are the physi- Construction: "Type,period,or CONSTRUCTION cal features or traits that commonly method of construction" refers to the Properties associated with design and recur in individual types,periods,or way certain properties are related to construction: methods of construction. To be one another by cultural tradition or eligible,a property must clearly function,by dates of construction or •A house or commercial building rep contain enough of those characteristics style,or by choice or availability of resenting a significant style of archi- to be considered a true representative materials and technology. tecture• of a particular type,period,or method A structure is eligible as a speci •A designed park or garden associated of construction. men of its type or period of construc- • ith a particularkrBard landscape design Characteristics can be expressed in tion if it is an important example philosophy. terms such as form,proportion,struc (within its context)of building ture,plan,style,or materials. They practices of a particular time in •A movie theater embodying high or- can be general,referring to ideas of history. For properties that represent ttstic value in its decorative features. design and construction such as basic the variation,evolution,or transition •Abridge or dam representing techno plan or form,or they can be specific, of construction types,it must be logical advances. referring to precise ways of combining demonstrated that the variation,etc., particular kinds of materials. was an important phase of the archi- tectural development of the area or APPLYING Eligible community in that it had an impact as evidenced by later buildings. A CRITERION C: •At building eligible under the property is not eligible,however, theme of Gothic Revival archi- simply because it has been identified DESIGN/ tecture must have the distinc- as the only such property ever fabri tive characteristics that make Gated;it must be demonstrated to be CONSTRUCTION up the vertical and picturesque significant as well. qualities of the style,such as pointed gables,steep roof DISTINCTIVE pitch,board and batten siding, Eligible CHARACTERISTICS OF and ornamental bargeboard •A buildin that has some char and veranda trim. g TYPE,PERIOD,AND acteristics of the Romanesque OF •A late Mississippian village Revival style and some charac- METHODthat illustrates the important teristics of the Commercial CONSTRUCTION concepts in prehistoric style can qualify if it illustrates community design and plan- the transition of architectural This is the portion of Criterion C ning will qualify. design and the transition itself under which most properties are •A designed historic landscape is considered an important ar- eligible,for it encompasses all archi- =ill qualify if it reflects a his- tectural development. teclural styles and construction toric trend or school of theory practices. To be eligible under this A Hoporta t examplen mound,if it is portion of the Criterion,a property and practice,such as the City an important of must clearly illustrate,through Beautiful Movement,evidenc- mound building construction "distinctive characteristics," the ingdistinguished design,lay techniques,would qualify as a out,and the work of skilled method or type of construc- followin g: craftsmanship. tion. •The pattern of features common Not Eli ible to a particular class of resources, g A building which illustrates •A commercial building with the early or the developing •The individuality or variation of some Art Deco detailingis not technology of particular features that occurs within the eligible under Criterion C if the structural systems,such as class, detailing was added merely as skeletal steel framing,is eli- •The evolution of that class,or an afterthought,rather than gible as an example of a fully integrated with overall particular method of construe- •The transition between classes of lines and massing typical of the tion. resources. Art Deco style or the transition between that and another style. •A designed landscape that has had major changes to its his- toric design, vegetation,origi- nal boundary,topography/ grading,architectural features, and circulation system will not qualify. • 18 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 115 HISTORIC ADAPTATION OF THE ORIGINAL PROPERTY A property can be significant not only for the way it was originally constructed or crafted,but also for the way it was adapted at a later period, M` -- or for the way it illustrates changing " tastes,attitudes,and uses over a 1 , period of time. '� ' ', A district is eligible under this r guideline if it illustrates the evolution of historic character of a place over a (: "I.: 5 s particular span of time. ' .,� •,, .r A Eligible !• {* ,` •�+� • A Native American irrigation # • -,, system modified for use by Aili , •.........., �il Europeans could be eligible if p _ it illustrates the technology of ';13k e- either or both periods of con- Of' I„ ,., struction. •An early 19th century farm- Swan Falls Dam and Power Plant,Murphy vicinity,Ada County, Idaho. house modified in the 1880s Significant works of engineering can qualify under Criterion C. Built between 1900- with Queen Anne style orna- 1907 the Swan Falls Dan and Power Plant across the Snake River is one of the early mentation could be significant hydroelectric plants in the State of Idaho. (Photo by H.L. Hough). for the modification itself,if it represented a local variation or significant trend in building construction or remodelling, was the work of a local master (see Works of a Master on page 20),or reflected the tastes of an important with the propertyassociated at the time. -- _ - - - _ — of its alteration. •A district encompassing the —` commercial development of a __ _X town between 1820 and 1910, , r ______�'. characterized by buildings of `^— t various styles and eras,can be .r __ _ ——— eligible. :)1t— — _ k 'ems,. --- Looney House,Asheville vicinity, St. Clair County,Alabama. Examples of vernacular styles of architecture can qualify under Criterion C. Built ca. 1818, the Looney House is significant as possibly the State's oldest extant two-story dogtrot type of dwelling. The defining open center passage of the dogtrot was a regional building response to the southern climate. (Photo by Carolyn Scott). 19 1t6 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN WORKS OF A MASTER PROPERTIES POSSESSING A Significant and Distinguishable HIGH ARTISTIC VALUES Entity Whose Components May Lack A master is a figure of generally Individual Distinction. This portion recognizedgreatnessur in a field,a of Criterion C refers to districts. For g High artistic values may be ex detailed information on districts,refer known craftsman of consummate pressed in many ways,including skill,or an anonymous craftsman to Part IV of this bulletin. areas as diverse as community design whose work is distinguishable from or planning,engineering,and sculp- others by its characteristic style and ture. A property is eligible for its quality. The property must express a high artistic values if it so fully particular phase in the development articulates a particular concept of of the master's career,an aspect of his design that it expresses an aesthetic or her work,or a particular idea or ideal. A property is not eligible, theme in his or her craft. however,if it does not express A property is not eligible as the aesthetic ideals or design concepts work of a master,however,simply more fully than other properties of its because it was designed by a promi- type. nent architect. For example,not every building designed by Frank Lloyd Wright is eligible under this portion Eligible of Criterion C,although it might meet other portions of the Criterion,for • A sculpture in a town square instance as a representative of the that epitomizes the design Prairie style. principles of the Art Deco style The work of an unidentified is eligible. craftsman is eligible if it rises above • A building that is a classic ex- the level of workmanship of the other pression of the design theories properties encompassed by the of the Craftsman Style,such as historic context. carefully detailed handwork, is eligible. • A landscaped park that syn- thesizes early 20th century principles of landscape archi- tecture and expresses an aes- thetic ideal of environment can be eligible. • Properties that are important representatives of the aesthetic values of a cultural group, such as petroglyphs and ground drawings by Native Americans,are eligible. Not Eligible •A sculpture in a town square that is a typical example of sculpture design during its pe- riod would not qualify for high artistic value,although it might be eligible if it were sig- nificant for other reasons. •A building that is a modest ex- ample(within its historic con- text)of the Craftsman Style of architecture,or a landscaped park that is characteristic of turn of the century landscape design would not qualify for high artistic value. 20 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 117 CRITERION D: INFORMATION POTENTIAL Properties may be eligible for the National Register if they have yielded,or may be likely to yield,information im- portant in prehistory or history. UNDERSTANDING data gaps or alternative theories that BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES, challenge existing ones or 2)priority AND OBJECTS CRITERION D: areas identified under a State or Federal agency management plan. While most often applied to INFORMATION archeological districts and sites, POTENTIAL APPLYING Criterion D can also apply to build- ings,structures,and objects that CRITERION D. contain important information. In Certain important research ques order for these types of properties to lions about human history can only be INFORMATION be eligible under Criterion D,they answered by the actual physical themselves must be,or must have material of cultural resources. Crite POTENTIAL been,the principal source of the rion D encompasses the properties important information. that have the potential to answer,in ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES whole or in part,those types of Eligible research questions. The most corn- Criterion D most commonly mom type of property nominated applies to properties that contain or ' A building exhibiting a local under this Criterion is the archeologi- are likely to contain information variation on a standard design cal site(or a district comprised of bearin on an im ortani archeological or construction technique can archeological sites). Buildings, g p b be eligible if study could yield objects,and structures for districts research question. The property must important information,such as comprised of these property types), have characteristics suggesting the how local availability of mate- likelihood that it possesses configura- however,can also be eligible for their ruts or construction expertise information potential. bons of artifacts,soil strata,structural affected the evolution of local Criterion D has two requirements, remains, ho other natural or eto do cultural building development. I features that make it possible to do which must both be met for a property the following: Not Eligible to qualify: Test a hypothesis or hypotheses •The ruins of a hacienda once •The property must have,or have YPcontained murals that have had,information to contribute to about events,groups,or pro- our understanding of human his- cesses in the past that bear on im since been destroyed. iiistori- researchquestions in the cal documentation,however, tory or prehistory,and portantindicates that the murals were social or natural sciences or the •The information must be consid- humanities;or significant for their highly un- ered important. usual design.The ruins can •Corroborate or amplify currently not be eligible under Criterion Under the first of these require- available information suggesting D for the importance of the de- ments,aproperty is eligible if it has that a hypothesis is either true or stroyed murals if the informa- been used as a source of data and false;or tion is contained only in the contains more,as yet unretrieved documentation. data. A property is also eligible if it • Reconstruct the sequence of ar- has not yet yielded information but, cheological cultures for the pur- through testing or research,is deter- pose of identifying and explain- mined a likely source of data. ing continuities and discontinu- Under the second requirement,the ities in the archeological record information must be carefully evalu- for a particular area. ated within an appropriate context to determine its importance. Informa- tion is considered "important" when it is shown to have a significant bearing on a research design that addresses such areas as: 1)current 21 118 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN :.,��,;`i•.. y.. r property. Research questions can be ' w .'': : related to property-specific issues,to """'t broader questions about a large -. ^ ; • geographic area,or to theoretical .,` issues independent of any particular geographic location. These questions .,. ` =yam ' r - ' may be derived from the academic • «t _ community or from preservation .4 �' "� — 4, M programs at the local,regional,State, a. . • - or national level. Research questions -r:"6-4. are usually developed as part of a ' S' •,"_ "research design,"which specifies not "�+` ''R r F "-• also the types of data needed to I" supply the answers,and often the • techniques needed to recover the data. . .. kti . . 4, . Criterion D-Champe-Fremont 1 Archeological Site,Omaha vicinity,Douglas Eligible County,Nebraska. This archeological site,dating from ca.1100-1450 Al).,consists of •When a site consisting of a vil pit houses and storage pits which have the potential to yield important information lage occupation with midden concerning the subsistence patterns,religious and mortuary practices,and social deposits,hearths,ceramics, organization of the prehistoric residents of eastern Nebraska. (Nebraska State and stratified evidence of sev- Historical Society) eral occupations is being evaluated,three possible re- ASSOCIATION WITH ESTABLISHING A HISTORIC search topics could be: I) the question of whether the site HUMAN ACTIVITY CONTEXT occupants were indigenous to the area prior to the time of oc- A property must be associated with The information that a property cupation or recent arrivals,2) human activity and be critical for yields,or will yield,must be evalu- the investigation of the settle understanding a site's historic environ- ated within an appropriate historic ment-subsistence pattern of ment in order to be eligible under context. This will entail consulting the occupants,3)the question Criterion D. A property can be linked the body of information already of whether the region was a to human activity through events, collected from similar properties or center for the domestication of processes,institutions,design,con- other pertinent sources,including plants.Specific questions struction,settlement,migration,ideals, modern and historic written records. could include: A)Do the de beliefs,lifeways,and other facets of the The researcher must be able to posits show a sequential de- development or maintenance of anticipate if and how the potential velopment or sudden intro- cultural systems. information will affect the definition duction of Ceramic Type X? The natural environment associated of the context. The information likely B) Do the dates of the occupa with the properties was often very to be obtained from a particular tions fit our expectations based different from that of the present and property must confirm,refute,or on the current model for the strongly influenced cultural develop- supplement in an important way reoccupation behavior of ment. Aspects of the environment that existing information. slash-and-burn agricultural are pertinent to human activities A property is not eligible if it ists? C)Can any genetic should be considered when evaluating cannot be related to a particular time changes in the food plant re- properties under Criterion D. period or cultural group and,as a mains be detected? Natural features and paleontological result,lacks any historic context Not Eligible (floral and faunal)sites are not usually within which to evaluate the impor- eligible under Criterion D in and of tance of the information to be gained. •A property is not eligible if so themselves. They can be eligible, little can be understood about however,if they are either directly DEVELOPING RESEARCH it that it is not possible to de- related to human activity or critical to QUESTIONS termine if specific important understanding a site's historic environ- research questions can be an- ment. In a few cases,a natural feature Havingestablished the importance swered by data contained in or site unmarked by cultural materials, the property. that is primarily eligible under Crite of the information that may be rion A,may also be eligible under recovered,it is necessary to be explicit Criterion D,if study of the feature,or in demonstrating the connection its location,setting,etc.(usually in the between the important information context of data gained from other and a specific property. One ap sources),will yield important informs proach is to determine if specific tion about the event or period with important research questions can be which it is associated. answered by the data contained in the 22 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION II ESTABLISHING THE INTEGRITY PARTLY EXCAVATED OR PRESENCE OF ADEQUATE DISTURBED PROPERTIES DATA The assessment of integrity for properties considered for information The current existence of appropri- potential depends on the data require ate physical remains must be ricer To support the assertion that a ments of the a licable research has the data necessaryto PP twined in considering a property's property design A property possessing abilityto yield im ortant information. provide the important information, information otential does not need to P the property should be investi ated P Properties that have been partly P P Yg` recall visnaUy an event,person, excavated or otherwise disturbed and with techniques sufficient to establish rocess,or construction technique. It thepresence of relevant data cite>o- P j that are being considered for their b is important that the significant data otential to field additional im or- ries. What constitutes appropriate P y impor- ries. in the property remain tint information must be shown to investigation techniques would sufficiently intact to yield the ex retain thatpotential in their remaining depend upon specific circumstances pected important information,if the portions. b including the property's location, appropriate study techniques are condition,and the research questions employed. being addressed,and could range from surface survey(or photographic Eligible survey for buildings),to the applica Eligible • A site that has been partially tion of remote sensing techniques or excavated but still retains sub- intensive subsurface testing. Justifica- • An irrigation system signifi stantial intact deposits(or a tion of the research potential of a cant for the information it will site in which the remaining de property may be based on analogy to yield on early engineering posits are small but contain another better known property if practices can still be eligible critical information on a topic sufficient similarities exist to establish even though it is now filled in that is not well known)is eli- the appropriateness of the analogy. and no longer retains the al' Bible. pearance of an open canal. Not Eligible Not Eligible Eligible • A totally collected surface site • Data requirements depend on ' A plowed archeological site o.r a completely excavated bur- contains several superimposed ied site is not eligible since the the specific research topics and g components that have been remains capable of questions to be addressed. To mixed to the extent that arti- physical P continue the example in "De- yielding important informa- continueveloping Research Questions" fact assemblages cannot be re- tion no longer exist at the site. constructed. The site cannot above,we might want to ricer (See Completely Excavated Sites, be eligible if the data require- on page 24,for exception.) twin the following with refer- ments of the research design Likewise,a site that has been once to questions A,B,and C: call for the studyof artifacts A)The site contains Ceramic looted or otherwise disturbed Type X in one or more occupy specific to one component. to the extent that the remain- lion levels and we expect to be ' theg cultural materials have lost able to document the local their important depositional evaluation of the type or its in- context(horizontal or vertical trusive nature. B)'Ihe hearths location of deposits)is not eli contain datable carbon deposits Bible. and are associated with more • A reconstructed mound or than one occupation. C)The other reconstructed site will midden deposits show good generally not be considered floral/faunal preservation,and eligible,because original cul- we know enough about the tural materials or context or physical evolution of food both have been lost. plants to interpret signs that suggest domestication. Not Eligible • Generally,if the applicable re- search design requires clearly stratified deposits,then subsur- face investigation techniques must be applied. A site com- posed only of surface materials can not be eligible for its poten- tial to yield information that could only be found in strati- fied deposits. 23 120 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN COMPLETELY EXCAVATED SITES Properties that have yielded important information in the past and that no longer retain additional research potential(such as completely excavated archeological sites)must be assessed essentially as historic sites under Criterion A. Such sites must be significant for associative values related to: 1)the importance of the data gained or 2) the impact of the property's role in the history of the development of anthropology/ archeology or other relevant disci- plines. Like other historic properties, the site must retain the ability to convey its association as the former repository of important information, the location of historic events,or the representative of important trends. Eligible • A property that has been exca- vated is eligible if the data re- covered was of such impor- tance that it influenced the di- rection of research in the disci- pline,as in a site that clearly established the antiquity of the human occupation of the New World. (See Criterion A in Par/ VI: How to Identify the Type of Significance of a Property and Criteria Consideration G in Part VII: How to Apply the Criteria Considerations.) Not Eligible • A totally excavated site that at one time yielded important in- formation but that no longer can convey either its historic/ prehistoric utilization or sig- nificant modern investigation is not eligible. 24 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 121 APPENDIX H Boulder City Master Plan Notes The Boulder City Master Plan lays out the principles, policies, and goals for the long-range planning needs of the community, including urban growth and annexation, use and development of land, preservation of open spaces, and the expansion of public facilities and services. In this appendix, we examine those planning policies that intersect with historic preservation practices and provide notes to amend said policies to better support historic preservation initiatives in Boulder City. It is strongly recommended that any future updated to the Master Plan include the guidance of an architectural historian who meets the Secretary of Interior's (SOI) Professional Qualifications to provide a thorough review of the policies and recommendations following SOl Standards. Chapter 3: Growth Management (GM) GM Policy 1: City's Role in Managing Growth The city shall strive to achieve a balance between new, outward growth and redevelopment within established areas of the community, in accordance with the direction of the voters. In addition, the city shall continue to participate in ongoing efforts to address regional growth management issues through its involvement with the Regional Planning Coalition and shall amend its regulations as appropriate to comply with future intergovernmental policies adopted by the Coalition. GM Policy 4: Infill and Redevelopment Infill and redevelopment within established areas of the city is encouraged where deteriorated or obsolete structures have become detrimental to an area, where new uses can be accommodated on vacant properties, within the Redevelopment Area Boundary, and in other areas outside the Redevelopment Area Boundary that have been specifically identified for redevelopment. Projects may range in size from a single residential lot to the redevelopment of multiple contiguous blocks within a neighborhood or commercial area. Regardless of its scale, infill and redevelopment shall be designed in a manner that is sensitive to and reflects the character of the surrounding area. Important design considerations include building scale, mass, roof form, height, and orientation, parking location, lot coverage, architectural character, and landscape elements. These design considerations are particularly important when infill or redevelopment occurs within or adjacent to an established residential neighborhood, an area of historic significance, or when a change in use or intensity would otherwise negatively impact the established character of the surrounding area. The city shall review and consider revision of its development code to remove impediments to infill and redevelopment where appropriate, through adjustments to parking requirements, setbacks, lot size, and other regulations to facilitate more intense development patterns. The BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN city shall amend the policies of this Master Plan as appropriate to comply with future infill policies adopted by the Regional Planning Coalition. Chapter 4: Land Use Residential (R)—All Categories R Policy 1: Variety of Housing Styles The incorporation of a variety of housing types and models, sizes, and price ranges in new neighborhoods is strongly encouraged to provide diverse housing options for Boulder City residents and avoid monotonous streetscapes. R Policy 4: Infill and Redevelopment Infill and redevelopment within established areas of the city is generally encouraged where deteriorated or obsolete structures have become detrimental to an area, where new uses can be accommodated on vacant properties, and in areas that have been specifically identified for redevelopment. Residential infill and redevelopment shall be designed in a manner that is sensitive to and reflects the character of the surrounding neighborhood. Important design considerations include building scale, mass, roof form, height, and orientation, parking location, lot coverage, architectural character, and landscape elements. Low-Density Residential (LDR) LDR Policy 1: Characteristics The Low-Density Residential designation shall incorporate a mixture of single-family homes located in a neighborhood setting, in combination with compatible non-residential land uses such as educational facilities, churches, schools, and public and private parks and recreational facilities. Appropriate housing types may include single-family detached and manufactured homes on lots of varying sizes. 1. Preservation Note: The Boulder City Historic District already possesses many of these characteristics and could be used as a guide for future development. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 123 Medium-Density Residential (MDR) MDR Policy 3: Location Medium Density Residential neighborhoods should be located close to arterial streets and be bounded by collector streets where possible, with a direct connection to work, shopping, and leisure activities. 2. Preservation Note: Medium-Density Residential should be placed and designed carefully when in proximity to Old Town. Such residential structures should not be designed to look as if they are from the same era. Instead, they should be designed to be compatible in form and massing, while clearly new. Central Business District (CBD) CBD Policy 1: Characteristics The Central Business District designation is a special purpose designation for Boulder City's downtown and historic center. The area, focused along Nevada Way between Wyoming Street and Colorado Street, has a unique historic character and importance to the broader community. The area has traditionally consisted of a variety of civic, retail, commercial, and office uses in a compact, pedestrian-friendly setting central to the city's historic neighborhoods. CBD Policy 2: Mix of Uses A mix of retail, restaurants, employment, commercial, office, and civic uses should continue to be encouraged in the downtown. Retail and restaurant use should be encouraged at the street level to promote pedestrian activity and vitality, particularly along Nevada Way through downtown. CBD Policy 3: Infill and Redevelopment Infill and redevelopment that is in keeping with the historic character and scale of downtown is strongly encouraged to utilize vacant or underutilized sites and enhance its vitality. CBD Policy 4: Renovation and Reuse The renovation and reuse of existing older underutilized structures, particularly along Nevada Way within the downtown, is strongly encouraged. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 3. Preservation Note: Renovation of historic structures should be undertaken by relying upon the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. Preservation Briefs 11 and 16 provide guidance for the renovation of historic storefronts and the use of non-historic materials, respectively. CBD Policy 5: Conversion or Addition of Upper Floors Where second floors above retail storefronts exist, conversion of these floors to office or residential uses is strongly encouraged to reinforce the variety and vitality of the downtown environment and increase housing options. The addition of second floors to existing one-story structures is also encouraged. Second floor additions should incorporate porticos at the ground level, where appropriate, to provide shade for pedestrians and add visual interest to the streetscape. Porticos also help minimize the bulk and height of the additional story at the street level, helping preserve the traditional, pedestrian-friendly scale of the downtown. 4. Preservation Note: Alterations and additions to historic buildings should be done with the utmost care. Second stories should be stepped back and not visible from the street level. The addition of porticos is particularly difficult, unless it is the reconstruction of an original portico that had been demolished. There are alternatives to porticos that will not undermine the historic integrity of these buildings. NPS Preservation Brief 14 provides guidance on additions for historic buildings. CBD Policy 6: Outdoor Seating The provision of outdoor dining and seating areas along the sidewalk edge is strongly encouraged to create activity along the street and increase the overall vitality of the downtown. CBD Policy 7:Street-Level Uses Active, visible uses that encourage pedestrian activity, such as restaurants or retail storefronts, are most appropriate as first floor uses. Offices, residential, or other uses that typically are "closed off" from the street and lend little to the pedestrian atmosphere should be encouraged as upper floor uses in retail areas, or in secondary locations that are not located in major pedestrian traffic areas. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION ,_ CBD Policy 8: Porticos Porticos are a defining feature of many historic structures in the Central Business District and contribute to the unique character of the area. The addition of porticos is encouraged, where appropriate, to provide shade for pedestrians and to further enhance the character of the Central Business District. 5. Preservation Note: The creation of features, such as porticos, that were not originally included in the building should be avoided. There are alternatives that can create the desired shade without undermining a building's historic integrity. CBD Policy 9: Parking Design and Location New surface and structured parking should be sited and designed in a manner that is compatible with the historic character of the downtown and its surrounding neighborhoods. To the extent feasible, off-street parking areas should be located behind structures. Off-street, surface parking is discouraged along the Nevada Way frontage within downtown. Parking structures should exhibit a level of architectural detail that is equal to that found on adjacent structures along the block. Community Commercial (CC) CC Policy 4: Architectural Character Neighborhood centers shall be designed to be compatible with and sensitive to surrounding residences. Building materials and architectural detailing should be compatible with and reflect the character of the surrounding neighborhood. Building heights and scale should be similar to surrounding residences. 6. Preservation Note: Many of these buildings will be part of a historic district in the future. Renovation and reuse should be sensitive to these future historic buildings and strive to maintain original historic features. This also applies to MU-CO Policy 4: Unified Architectural Character. 126 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Mixed Use Commercial/Office (MU-CO) MU-CO Policy 4: Unified Architectural Character Buildings within a Mixed-Use Commercial/Office setting should have a unified architectural character achieved using similar elements, such as rooflines, materials, colors, signage, landscaping and screening and other architectural and site layout details. Parks and Recreation (PR) PR Policy 2: Characteristics The Parks and Recreation designation includes areas intended to provide for the active and passive recreation needs of the community, including public and private parks, ball fields, golf courses, and natural open spaces. Open Lands (OL) OL Policy 2: Location Open lands are primarily located outside of the city's urbanized area but may also be located within neighborhoods or other areas of the city where development is not desirable due to steep slopes, poor soil conditions, or other environmental constraints. Public/Quasi-Public (P) P Policy 2: Location Depending upon their compatibility with surrounding land uses, public and quasi-public uses will be allowed in all areas of the city. Siting will be determined through the city's land use review procedures. Public and quasi-public facilities should be accessible by the population served. Chapter 5: Public Facilities PF Policy 3:Sustainable Funding of Public Facilities and Services The city should identify and pursue all practical and equitable ways to fund the capital improvement projects necessary to serve existing and future development. City funds should be leveraged and fully supplemented to maximize limited resources. The primary objective of the city will be to provide and maintain adequate public facilities and utility services and reliable funding to protect investment in existing facilities and ensure appropriate levels of service. The city should explore the use of impact fees to help share the cost of providing public facilities and services with developers when considering large land sales. The city's plans and standards shall be revised as appropriate to comply with future standards adopted at a regional level. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 7. Preservation Note: The notion that replacing an existing building with a new one is less expensive has been found by multiple studies to be a myth. In most cases it is less expensive to work with an existing building, especially considering the large public expenditure behind existing public facilities. Chapter 6: Parks and Recreation PR Policy 1: Extension of Regional Trail Network The city should continue ongoing coordination with representatives from Clark County, Henderson, Las Vegas, the Bureau of Land Management, the Bureau of Reclamation, the Lake Mead National Recreation Area, and other regional partners on the extension of the River Mountains Loop Trail and other regional trail opportunities. The city should continue to pursue outside funding sources for future regional trail connections, such as grant monies available through the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act. Chapter 7: Natural Resources Conservation NRC Policy 6: Conservation of Raw Materials The city should continue to promote the conservation of raw materials by promoting efforts to adapt existing buildings for new uses, rather than destroying them, and by reducing per capita residential solid waste delivered to the city's landfill through ongoing recycling programs. NRC Policy 7: Land Conservation The city should continue to promote land conservation through the promotion of infill and redevelopment where services and infrastructure are already in place and by adopting construction practices in new developments that minimize disturbance of the land, such as steep slope protection. NRC Policy 8:Sensitive Lands Protection The city's regulations shall be amended to comply with future sensitive lands protection standards at the time of adoption by the Regional Planning Coalition. 128 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Chapter 8: Regional Coordination RC Policy 2: Regional Coordination The city shall coordinate its land use goals and policies with those set forth by other governmental agencies within the region, such as the City of Henderson, State of Nevada, Nevada Department of Transportation, Clark County, and the Clark County School District, and identify areas requiring ongoing collaboration and cooperation. RC Policy 3: Federal Agency Coordination The city shall coordinate with Federal Agencies, including the Bureau of Land Management, Western Area Power Administration, and National Park Service, whose land holdings are adjacent to the city to minimize land use conflicts, identify opportunities for shared recreational access or amenities, and to ensure that future plans for federal landholdings are mutually compatible with the goals and policies of this Master Plan. Chapter 9: Transportation and Mobility TM Policy 2: Interconnected Neighborhood and Street and Sidewalk Patterns Neighborhood streets and sidewalks in both new and existing areas should be designed to form an interconnected network, including vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian routes within and between neighborhoods, to connect neighborhoods together and with other parts of the community and region. In particular, direct walkway and bicycle routes to schools, parks, employment and service centers, and other community facilities should be provided. Cul-de- sacs and other dead end streets should be discouraged unless necessitated by site constraints or incompatibilities with adjacent land uses. 8. Preservation Note: Existing historic streets, bicycle routes, and walkways should not be reconfigured, except in life/safety circumstances. The configuration of historic neighborhoods is an integral part of historic integrity. Chapter 10: Housing and Neighborhoods HN Policy 1:Stabilize and Protect Historic Neighborhoods The city shall work with residents to stabilize and protect historic neighborhoods. The city should explore programs to address the ongoing maintenance and preservation of existing housing stock, and the preservation of neighborhood characteristics and historic features that contribute to the neighborhood's identity, such as the appearance of its traditional streetscape. Potential programs should encourage the rehabilitation of existing homes by making low-cost NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION loans and other incentives available to qualified homeowners. Consideration should also be given to adoption of development standards for infill and redevelopment projects, remodeling, and additions to existing structures so they achieve compatibility with existing neighborhood scale and character. HN Policy 2: Promote Residential Infill Development The city should encourage residential infill development and redevelopment as a means of increasing the variety of housing types available. Infill and redevelopment may be appropriate on vacant or underutilized parcels where infrastructure and services are readily available, within the Redevelopment Area Boundary, or where it would foster the stabilization or revitalization of an existing neighborhood. Infill and redevelopment should be sensitive to the established character of the surrounding neighborhood. Infill means the development of new housing or other buildings on scattered vacant sites in a built-up area. Redevelopment means the replacement or reconstruction of buildings that are in substandard physical condition, or that do not make effective use of the land on which they are located. The city shall consider revision of its development code to remove impediments to infill and redevelopment where appropriate, through adjustments to parking requirements, setbacks, lot size, and other regulations to facilitate more intense development patterns. The city shall amend the policies of this Master Plan as appropriate to comply with future infill policies adopted by the Regional Planning Coalition. 9. Preservation Note: Great care should be taken in deciding to demolish a historic structure. It is almost never cost effective to demolish and rebuild. Additionally, reconstruction of historic structures should only be done for interpretive purposes. All other reconstructions create a false sense of community history. Infill should take care to match the size and massing of those structures around it. It should look new and not attempt to build a false history through reproduction. HN Policy 4: Facilitate Neighborhood-Level Planning Efforts The city should continue to work with neighborhood organizations and residents on an as- needed basis to facilitate neighborhood-level planning efforts that respond to specific neighborhood issues and concerns. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 10. Preservation Note: Providing a means for a neighborhood to undertake a grassroots initiative to obtain local historic designation is one example of neighborhood-level planning projects. HN Policy 5: Phased Developments Due to the constraints of the Growth Control Ordinance, development in future growth areas, such as the Old Airport Subarea, will likely occur in phases over time. During the development review process, the city should ensure that new developments are compatible with adjoining neighborhoods and that appropriate connections are provided. Key considerations should include the identification of future roadway connections, pedestrian, park and open space linkages, and transitions between land uses or developments of varying intensities. HN Policy 6:Affordable Housing State Law, pursuant to NRS 278.150.4 and 278.160.1(e) as amended in 2007, requires that all cities located within a county with a population of over 400,000 persons address certain elements within their housing plans. Assembly Bill 439 of the 2007 session of the Nevada Legislature further requires that these cities address at least six of twelve measures to address the subject of affordable housing. 11. Preservation Note: Older and historic resources are often excellent candidates for affordable housing. They are often smaller, have lower utility costs, and more affordable property taxes. Fostering preservation and maintenance of older and historic resources helps to maintain the stock of affordable housing. Chapter 11: Historic Preservation HP Policy 1: Protect Historic Resources The City should continue to work with the community to protect its historic resources for the enjoyment of future generations by encouraging the adaptive reuse of historic buildings, providing improvement assistance to property owners located within the Redevelopment Area, and taking the necessary steps to appoint a Cultural Resources Commission (in accordance with Title 11, Chapter 27 of Boulder City Code). The city should also consider the establishment of design guidelines for historic properties to address exterior alterations of contributing NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION properties and all new construction within the existing Historic District and any future historic overlay districts. Guidelines should address exterior design elements and characteristics, such as building materials, massing, scale, proportion of window and door openings, ornamental features, orientation and relative position of buildings, landscape character, as well as roof forms, textures, character of signage, window and door types, and other details deemed essential to the integrity of the architectural styles represented in the District. HP Policy 3: Promote Historic Preservation Efforts The CRC, upon appointment, should work with the City and community groups to increase community awareness of the purpose and value of historic preservation, including awareness of incentives available to assist property owners and businesses in the preservation and restoration of historic properties in the City. HP Policy 4:Stabilize and Protect Historic Neighborhoods The City shall work with residents to stabilize and protect historic properties and neighborhoods not eligible for protection within a Historic Overlay District. Programs should address ongoing maintenance and preservation of existing housing stock, and the preservation of neighborhood characteristics and historic features that contribute to the neighborhood's identity, such as the appearance of its traditional streetscape. HP Policy 5: Protect Archaeological Resources In addition to the historical significance of Boulder City, land bordering the Lake Mead National Recreation Area on the far eastern portion of the City may be archaeologically sensitive. An archaeological survey by the State Division of Historic Preservation and Archeology should be undertaken before land in this area is considered for development. Chapter 12: Urban Design UD Policy 2: Historic Landscapes The landscaped grounds surrounding the city's institutional structures represent an important component of its history and are a source of community pride. The city should ensure that the restoration and ongoing maintenance of these historic landscapes remains a priority. As part of these efforts, the city should consider adopting historic landscape guidelines that would be applicable to properties within the Historic Overlay District to maintain a more traditional landscape character. UD Policy 3: Urban Forestry The city should continue to support and expand its urban forestry programs, including its street tree planting and initiatives, and memorial tree fund. Incentives for tree replacement in historic residential neighborhoods should be considered to promote the restoration of Boulder City's BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN original street tree canopy and to ensure that replacement species are disease resistant and are well-suited to a desert climate. Chapter 13: Arts and Culture AC Policy 1: Cultivating the Arts The city should support the promotion of Boulder City as a flourishing artistic community by helping build a coalition among interested stakeholders, including city agencies; arts, cultural and scientific organizations; educational institutions; foundation and corporate financiers; and local businesses. AC Policy 2: Economic Development and the Arts The city should encourage the integration of arts and culture into its economic development activities by including artistic and cultural organizations, institutions, and businesses in business recruitment and retention efforts. In addition, arts and cultural activities should be incorporated into economic development and marketing efforts that seek to promote Boulder City as a business and tourism destination. 12. Preservation Note: Architectural appreciation and education are important components of the arts. Working to foster ongoing heritage tourism offerings around historic architecture is an important piece in building up an arts community. Chapter 14: Economic Development ED Policy 1: Retention of Existing Businesses The city should encourage the retention and expansion of businesses in industries historically important to Boulder City, including small business, tourism, and state, local and federal government. The city should continue to foster communication and coordination between local businesses and the city to address the policies of this Master Plan. 13. Preservation Note: Small businesses are more likely to be located in historic buildings. Encouraging small businesses and supporting their efforts simultaneously supports the use and maintenance of the historic buildings that house them. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 133 ED Policy 2: Tourism The city should continue to work with the Boulder City Chamber of Commerce, Nevada Tourism Commission, and other groups to promote and strengthen Boulder City as a destination for regional visitors as well as out-of-state tourists. The following efforts should be considered: • Provide high-quality information and accommodations to visitors. • Expand the role of the performing and visual arts in the city's economy. • Continue efforts to enhance community gateways and increase visibility with entryway features and signage. • Expand marketing to Las Vegas and Henderson residents as a nearby "getaway" destination. • Improve and increase the community's selection of visitor amenities, such as hotels/motels, retail shops, and restaurants. • Expand marketing of activities and special events such as Art in the Park, BMX races, the Lake Mead boat Christmas parade, and others to increase awareness of Boulder City and to promote visitation; and • Increase regional and national awareness of year-round attractions such as the Bootleg Canyon mountain bike trails and other amenities. 14. Preservation Note: Heritage tourists on average spend more than any other type of tourist. They also stay longer, travel in larger groups, and are more likely to become return tourists. Expanding heritage tourism—especially given the immense history of Boulder City—could be a significant means of economic development. ED Policy 3: Encourage Infill and Redevelopment The city should encourage infill and redevelopment activities in targeted areas of the community as a means of spurring reinvestment, stabilizing declining or underutilized properties, and reducing the need to expand the community's boundaries in the future. Emphasis should be placed on the Central Business District, the Highway 93 corridor (Uptown), the city's manufacturing district, and other areas within the Redevelopment Area boundary. BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN 15. Preservation Note: _ Will and redevelopment in the Central Business District and other historic areas should not attempt to recreate the past. Residents and tourists prefer authentic historic spaces. A sensitive mix of historic and modern buildings following the Secretary of the Interior's standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties do not detract from an area's authenticity. ED Policy 6: Retention and Expansion of Government Agency Offices The city should work with representatives from local, state, and federal agencies to encourage the retention and expansion of agency offices and facilities in the city. Efforts should focus on ensuring that the long-term space needs of these agencies can be addressed within Boulder City, and on encouraging the attraction of other government agencies as appropriate. NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 135 APPENDIX I What is a Historic Preservation Easement? i �' A historic preservation easement is a voluntary legal +P�, i.i b"�• agreement,typically in the form of a deed,which per- ° 4- manently protects a significant historic property.Since a it is a perpetual easement,an owner is assured that the _ property's historic character will be preserved.In addi- tion,an owner who donates an historic preservation I' easement may be eligible for one or more forms of tax benefits. Under the terms of a typical preservation easement,a A comprehensive conservation and preservation easement protects the property owner places restrictions on the development Cambus-Kenneth Farm in Danville,KY. O National Trust for Historic of,or changes to,the property and transfers these Preservation. restrictions to a qualified organization whose mission includes environmental protection,land conservation, donation should consult with their accountant or tax open space preservation,or historic preservation. The attorney. organization must have the resources to manage and enforce the restrictions provided for in the easement and have a commitment to do so.Once recorded,the Easement Restrictions easement restrictions become part of the property's chain of title and"run with the land"in perpetuity,thus A conservation easement gives the organization to binding not only the owner who grants the easement which it is conveyed the legal authority and responsibili- but all future owners as well.Preservation easements ty to enforce its terms. This includes the right to inspect in some states may also be called preservation"restric- the property to ensure that the owner is complying with tions," "covenants,"or"equitable servitudes." the terms of the easement. Historic preservation ease- ments typically prohibit an owner from demolishing the historic building(s)and from making changes that are Benefits of Donating inconsistent with the historic character of the prop- An Easement erty. Proposed alterations to the property may require prior approval from the easement holding organiza- tion. Restrictions on subdividing and developing the An easement is a particularly useful and flexible historic property are common as well.To be tax deductible,a preservation tool. It allows a property owner to retain preservation easement generally cannot be amended. If private ownership of the property while insuring that the restrictions apply only to the exterior of a building, the historic character of the property will be preserved. future alterations to the interior do not require approval Within certain statutory and regulatory constraints, by the easement-holding organization,as long as the easements can be tailored to meet the needs of the alterations do not affect the building's exterior appear- property owner,the individual resource,and the mission ance or structural integrity. of the protecting organization. If certain criteria are met,the owner may be eligible for a Federal income tax deduction for the value of Potential Tax Benefits the easement,and Federal estate taxes also may be re- duced. In addition,many State tax codes provide state When an owner donates an easement in accordance tax benefits for conservation easement contributions with Federal and State rules to a qualified charitable or where a reduction in the value of a property occurs. governmental organization,the easement may provide There may also be local tax benefits where property tax benefits. The value attributed to the easement may tax assessment is based on a property's highest and be claimed as a charitable contribution deduction from best use.Since the rules are complex,property owners Federal income tax. The value of the easement is gen- interested in the potential tax benefits of an easement erally the difference between the appraised fair market 2 3 136 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN value of the property prior to conveying an easement While a number of the recent Federal tax law changes and the appraised fair market value of the property are designed to address overvaluations by taxpayers and 4 after the easement. appraisers,several recent changes to the Federal tax code temporarily expanded the availability of the tax If the easement has value,the amount will depend on deduction in certain respects.These temporary changes, a number of factors,such as how the easement affects however,expired on January 1,2010. Currently,the the property's development potential,which may be amount of a charitable income tax deduction for a determined by the extent to which local government conservation easement contribution that can be used by restrictions already restrict changes to the property. an individual in any one year is back to 30 per cent of Where there is no further development potential for the the donor's contribution base(generally adjusted gross property or the building is already under local regula- income)from the temporary increase of 50 per cent. tions subject to the same conditions as those in the In addition,the period over which individuals can carry easement(including,for example,binding review by forward unused deductions for conservation easement a local historic district commission to insure that the contributions returns to five years from the temporary property's historic character is preserved),the easement increase of fifteen years.Any changes after January 1, may be of little or no value. On the other hand,for a 2010 can be viewed on the National Park Service web property located in an area where there are few regula- site. tions governing changes to the exterior of historic build- ings,the easement may result in significant protection for the property's historic character,possibly generating Qualified Properties tax benefits to the donor. According to the Internal Revenue Code,an income tax deduction may be available for a preservation easement Recent Federal Tax protecting a certified historic structure or a historically Law Changes important land area. A property owner seeking a Federal tax deduction for a A property is considered a certified historic structure if it qualified conservation contribution(including a dona- is a building,structure,or land area individually listed in tion of an historic preservation easement)needs to be the National Register of Historic Places,or if it is a build- aware that there are several detailed requirements to ing located in a registered historic district and is certified meet,and that there are a number of recent changes to by the National Park Service as contributing to the the tax laws. Several of these changes govern proper- ties located in registered historic districts. For example, The modern-style residence of noted residen- to be deductible,the deed of easement on a building tial architect Henry B.Hoover in Lincoln,MA in a registered historic district must now preserve the remains in the family while being permanently entire exterior of the building(includingthe front,sides, protected by an easement that includes certain interior rooms. Courtesy of Historic New rear and height of the building),and the easement England. must prohibit any change to the exterior of the building inconsistent with its historic character. a . The requirement that the easement cover the entire . `r 1� building exterior does not apply to an easement on a property that qualifies for the deduction on the basis II that it is individually listed in the National Register of 9 I Historic Places. As in the past,easements on properties individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places can cover part(s)of a building,such as the front facade,a front facade along with an important interior space,or the entire exterior. Most easement-holding _ organizations,however,require that the entire exterior , 4 of a building be covered by the easement's protections. 111111 5 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION lowed for easements on historic structures or land areas without buildings. Examples of qualifying structures may include bridges,dams,or roller coasters. A historically important land area must be listed in the i ,_ National Register of Historic Places. Historically impor- Awl • r— tant land areas include either independently significant ' areas,including any related historic resources,that i"ii 11 i ( meet the National Register of Historic Places Criteria for Evaluation,or land areas adjacent to a property individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places,where physical or environmental features of the Completed in 1816,Tudor Place in Georgetown,DC,a National Historic land contribute to the historic or cultural integrity of Landmark,is protected by an easement covering the building and the historic property. Common examples of historically grounds granted to the U.S.Department of Interior by a direct family important land areas include traditional cultural places, descendant of the original owner,the late Armistead Peter 3rd. archeological sites,battlefields,and historic cultural and Photo:Charles Fisher,NPS. designed landscapes. historic significance of that district. A registered historic district includes any district listed in the National Reg- Public Benefit ister of Historic Places. A State or local historic district may also qualify as a registered historic district,provided In order to claim the Federal income tax deduction for the district and the enabling statute are certified by the a historic preservation easement,at least some visual National Park Service. public access to the property must be available. The de- gree of access is tailored to the historic resource under In the case of a building in a registered historic district, protection. For example,the amount of access required to apply for a certification of significance(a determi- for a sensitive archeological site individually listed in the nation by the National Park Service as to whether a National Register may be as little as a few hours a year. building is a certified historic structure),a prospective Other means of providing access may include ensuring easement donor contacts the State Historic Preserva- visual access from a public roadway for a historic build- tion Office(SHPO)to request a Historic Preservation ing and grounds subject to an easement,or allowing Certification Application or downloads the application the public to tour the inside of a historic house on a from the National Park Service website www.nps.gov/ reasonable number of days a year if the easement is history/hps/tps. The property owner then completes imposed on portions or all of the interior.Often the Part 1 of the application and returns it to the SHPO. easement-holding organization can assist the owner in The SHPO then forwards the application,along with a finding a balance between protecting the property and recommendation,to the National Park Service,which the owner's privacy,and providing a public benefit. makes the certification decision.The property must be certified by the National Park Service either by the time of the transfer of the easement or the due date(includ- ing extensions)for filing the Federal income tax return Qualified Organizations for the taxable year of the easement transfer. The recipient of an easement donation must be a quali- Properties individually listed in the National Register fied organization. Qualified organizations may include of Historic Places are already recognized as certified governmental units,charities that receive a substantial historic structures,so a property owner does not need part of their support from governmental units or from to request a certification from the National Park Service. public contributions,publicly supported charities,or Unlike the deduction for preservation of properties charities that meet the requirements of§509(aX3) located in an historic district,charitable contribution and are controlled by qualified organizations. For an deductions for preservation easements on proper- easement on a historic property in a registered historic ties individually listed in the National Register are not district,the donor and donee must enter into a writ- restricted to protection of buildings but may also be al- ten agreement certifying that the donee is a qualified e 7 138 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN organization with a purpose of environmental protec- The amount of a contribution deduction for perpetual tion,land conservation,open space preservation,or preservation or conservation easement generally is historic preservation,and that the organization has the the fair market value of the easement at the time of resources to manage and enforce the restriction and a the contribution. The most commonly-used method commitment to do so. of determining this value is usually referred to as the "before"and"after"method: Generally the fair An easement-holding organization may require the market value of an easement is equal to the difference easement donor to make an additional donation of between the fair market value of the property before funds to help the organization administer the easement. the granting of the easement and the fair market value Those funds are often held in an endowment that gen- of the property after the granting of the easement. The erates an annual income to pay for easement adminis- appraisal therefore must value the property both before tration costs such as staff time for annual inspections or and after the easement is granted. needed legal services. Treasury Regulations governing valuation of conserva- tion easements(§ 1.170A-14(h)(3)(ii))provide that, Inconsistent Use if the before and after valuation method is used,the market value of the property before the contribution To qualify for a deduction,the donor may not retain must take into account not only the property's current uses of the property that would permit destruction of use but also an objective assessment of the likelihood significant conservation interests. Retained uses must that the property would be developed absent the be specifically circumscribed in the deed of easement. restrictions,as well as any effect from local zoning,local historic preservation regulations,and similar restrictions that affect the property's highest and best use.In other words,the valuation of an easement must be deter- Valuation/Qualified Appraisal mined through a qualified appraisal that considers the specific terms of the easement and the specific nature Easement valuations have come under closer scrutiny by of restrictions imposed by existing local land use or Congress and the IRS in recent years,and the Federal similar laws. Note that there are no generally recog- tax code imposes new qualification standards for both nized percentages by which an easement reduces the appraisals and appraisers. For example,the appraisal value of a property. In fact,there are instances in which must be prepared in accordance with generally accept- the grant of an easement may have no material effect ed appraisal standards. on the value of the property,particularly if the easement is no more restrictive than local ordinances already in effect. In the case of a preservation easement donation for which a deduction of more than$5,000 is claimed,a donor generally must obtain a qualified appraisal pre- .46111111111%1411pared by a qualified appraiser. The appraisal must be 0- attached to the donor's tax return for any claimed de- duction over$500,000. To deduct the value of an ease- _ ment on a building in a registered historic district,an appraisal must be attached to the tax return regardless • of the amount of the claimed deduction. The Internal Revenue Service(IRS)may accept the value determina- - - tion in the appraisal or make its own determination. Donors and appraisers should be aware that there are strict penalties for overvaluations of property that lead to substantial or gross valuation misstatements. The 1787 Phelps Inn located in North Colebrook,CT is one of several In the case of a claimed deduction of$250 or more, buildings on a 33-acre property protected by a preservation and conser- vation agreement granted to Historic New England by the late John A. the donor must obtain a contemporaneous written ac- and Nancy Phelps Blum. Courtesy of Historic New England. knowledgement as required by section 170(f)(8)of the 8 9 NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION 139 Internal Revenue Code.This mean that the donor needs Qualified Appraisers to obtain from the easement holding organization a document stating the amount of any cash it received To be a qualified appraiser,the appraiser has to have and a description of any property it received(such as verifiable education and experience in valuing historic the preservation easement). The organization must also properties,must not be prohibited from practicing te- state whether it provided any goods or services in return fore the IRS,and must meet several other requirements for the property and,if so,a description of the goods established by the IRS. In addition,certain appraiser or services. The donor must obtain this contemporane- declarations are required. ous written acknowledgement on or before the earlier of the date the donor files the tax return claiming the charitable contribution or the due date(including exten- sions)for the tax return. Combining an Easement with Federal Historic Rehabilitation For easement donations that involve buildings within Tax Credits historic districts where a deduction in excess of$10,000 is being claimed,the donor must submit a$500 filing fee with IRS Form 8283-V. In addition,in all cases in A property owner conveying an easement on an historic which a deduction of more than$500 is claimed,a building that has or will be rehabilitated may also be properly completed IRS Form 8283(Noncash Charitable eligible for a 20%tax credit under the Federal Historic Contributions)must accompany the donor's tax return. Rehabilitation Tax Incentives Program. This credit is For contributions for which a deduction of more than available for properties rehabilitated for income pro $5,000 is claimed,the Form 8283 generally must be ducing properties,but it is not available for properties signed by the appraiser who prepared the qualified ap- praisal and by the qualified organization that accepted rehabilitation must be substantial as defined by IRS and the easement donation. applies only to a project that the National Park Service designates as a certified rehabilitation. In addition to the above requirements,the donor of a preservation easement on a building in a registered In cases where the donor may qualify for both a Federal historic district must include with his or her tax return income tax deduction and a rehabilitation tax credit, photographs of the entire exterior of the building and a there are two important considerations: First,an ease- description of all restrictions on the development of the ment placed on a building that is the source of a reha building. bilitation tax credit may be considered a partial disposi- tion of the building,which could affect the available tax credits. Second,where rehabilitation tax credits have been claimed within 5 years preceding the easement donation,the Internal Revenue Code requires some r` reduction in the amount of the easement contribution it,i deduction. An accountant or tax attorney should be • 4 consulted in such cases. i� ■. ihi Further Information ■t_ *pi For further information about historic preservation ease- ..it1, / • ments and how to obtain certified historic structure sta- i I 1ii�� tus for a building in a historic district,visit the National "�� Park Service website at http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/ tps/tax/easement.htm or contact our office at NPS_HPS- info@nps.gov. One of a number of historic commercial properties in a historic district renovated by the Ron Kaufman Co.,the 1855 Gibb-Sanborn This leaflet incorporates changes to Federal tax law as Warehouse,a rare city survivor of the Gold Rush era,is protected by a result of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 and the an easement held by San Francisco Architectural Heritage.Photo:CSF Food,Conservation,and EnergyAct of 2008(Public Architectural Heritage. 10 11 140 BOULDER CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN It ✓ P Iti \ i F f . ' ‘,1, t % ► The preservation easement given to the - ' Preservation Alliance �C i �11 for Greater Philadelphia `r y on the Manufacturers • .14 Club protects a National -,' �' - Register listed property ' not subject to local 1I r �� historic commission review. Courtesy of the ` � � •, Preservation Alliance. . _ --' , -- Law 110-234).For updates on any subsequent Federal tax law changes,please refer to the website cited on the previous page. Acknowledgments This brochure was prepared by Charles Fisher,National Park Service.The following individuals are gratefully acknowledged for their review and other assistance in the preparation of this publication: Paul W.Edmond- son,Vice President&General Counsel,National Trust for Historic Preservation,Washington,DC,and Stefan Nagel,Esq.,of Counsel,Law Office of Stephen J.Small, Esq.,P.C.,Newton,MA. Thanks also go to the Wash- ington Office of the Internal Revenue Service;Michael Auer and Kaaren Staveteig of the National Park Service; and Joseph Cornish,Historic New England,for their assistance. This publication was prepared pursuant to the National Historic Preservation Act,which directs the Secretary of the Interior to develop and make available to govern- ment agencies and individuals information concerning professional methods and techniques for the preserva- tion of historic properties. Comments or questions regarding this publication are welcomed and should be addressed to Technical Preservation Services,Heritage Preservation Services, 1201 Eye Street NW,Washington,DC 20005 or email at N PS_H PS-info@ n ps.g ov. cover Tudor Place.Georgetown,DC NEVADA PRESERVATION FOUNDATION ,,.